云南西部地区疣粒野生稻的调查、收集与保护  

Investigation,Collection and Conservation of Oryza meyeriana in the Western Yunnan Region

作　　者：李荣欣 刘丽[1] 钟巧芳[1] 杨和生 杨顺发 肖素勤[1] 赵白英 李金璐 陈玲[1] 彭钰婷 李宗鼎 刘梅芳 程在全[1] 殷富有[1] LI Rongxin;LIU Li;ZHONG Qiaofang;YANG Hesheng;YANG Shunfa;XIAO Suqin;ZHAO Baiying;LI Jinlu;CHEN Ling;PENG Yuting;LI Zongding;LIU Meifang;CHENG Zaiquan;YIN Fuyou(Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Institute of Resource Plant Research,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China;Luliang Seed Administration Station,Qujing 655699,China;Center for Rural Industry Development,Yuanjiang Hani and Yi Dai Autonomous County,Yuxi 653399,China;Service Center for Comprehensive Agricultural Services in Luomian Township,Fumin County,Kunming 650401,China;Nabang Town Government,Yingjiang County,Baoshan 679319,China;Agricultural and Rural Service Center of Junsai Ethnic Township,Zhenkang County,Lincang 677705,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南大学资源植物研究院,云南昆明650504 [3]陆良县种子管理站,云南曲靖655699 [4]元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县乡村产业发展中心,云南玉溪653399 [5]富民县罗免镇农业综合服务中心,云南昆明650401 [6]盈江县那邦镇人民政府,云南保山679319 [7]临沧市镇康县军赛民族乡农业农村服务中心,云南临沧677705

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2025年第1期18-24,共7页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200102-02);云南省农业联合专项—重点项目(202301BD070001-149);云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-01);云南省杨庆文专家工作站(202305AF150161)。

摘　　要：疣粒野生稻(Oryza meyeriana)是珍稀濒危植物资源,云南是疣粒野生稻的起源地之一,而云南西部地区疣粒野生稻日前的自然分布状态及其生境情况尚不清楚。为了解该地区疣粒野生稻的生长现状和分布情况,以制订科学合理的野生稻资源保护措施,分别于2023年8月和11月对保山市、德宏州和临沧市等滇西地区的疣粒野生稻开展调查。2次共调查8个分布点,其中6个分布点面积不足31 m^(2),这些分布点占分布点总数的75%,说明该地区的疣粒野生稻已处于濒危状态。橡胶树、柚木、甘蔗等经济作物的扩大种植与道路扩建是造成疣粒野生稻原生境被破环的主要原因。本次调查抢救性收集125份疣粒野生稻资源,全部纳入国家高原野生稻种质资源圃保存;进一步对这些疣粒野生稻资源进行白叶枯病抗性鉴定,发现均抗水稻白叶枯病,这为水稻抗病新基因的挖掘提供了宝贵的遗传材料。The wild rice species Oryza meyeriana is a rare and endangered plant species with Yunnan being one of its origins places.However,the current natural distribution and habitats of Oryza meyeriana in the western region of Yunnan are still unclear.To understand the growth status and distributions of this species in western Yunnan region,and to formulate scientific conservation measures for wild rice resources,investigations were conducted in August and November,2023 in Baoshan City,Dehong Prefecture and Lincang City,covering a total of eight distribution points.Among these,six distribution points had an area of less than 31 m^(2),accounting for 75%of the total distribution points,indicating that Oryza meyeriana in this area is in an endangered state.The expansion of economic crops such as rubber trees,teak,and sugarcane,along with road expansion,is the main reason for the destruction of the natural habitats.This investigation collected a total of 125 samples of Oryza meyeriana resources for conservation in the National Plateau Wild Rice Germplasm Resource Nursery.Furthermore,resistance identification against bacterial blight was conducted on these wild rice resources,revealing that they all exhibited resistance to rice bacterial blight,providing valuable genetic material for the exploration of new disease resistance genes in rice.

关 键 词：疣粒野生稻 云南西部地区 濒危植物 资源保护 白叶枯病抗性 

分 类 号：S324[农业科学—作物遗传育种]