春季脱毛与不脱毛杜泊羊羊毛表型特征分析  

Phenotypic Characterization of Shedding and Non-Shedding Dorpers in Spring

作　　者：孙凯凯 马小宁 潘佳欣 张亮 李新海 SUN Kaikai;MA Xiaoning;PAN Jiaxin;ZHANG Liang;LI Xinhai(School of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;China Pastoral Industry Group,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国牧工商集团,北京100070

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2025年第1期73-76,共4页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31960650);动物科学一流本科专业。

摘　　要：杜泊羊群体中存在脱毛性状的表型分离现象,在3月选择白头杜泊羊群体中脱毛个体9只(于5月脱毛)和不脱毛个体8只,采集试验羊体侧羊毛,分析脱毛与不脱毛2种表型羊毛性状的差异。结果表明:脱毛羊粗毛的平均伸直长度(1.35 cm)极显著大于不脱毛羊(1.01 cm)(P<0.01),脱毛羊粗毛平均直径(163.39μm)极显著大于不脱毛羊(86.99μm)(P<0.01),脱毛羊粗毛平均密度(41.14根/cm2)显著大于不脱毛羊(29.83根/cm2)(P<0.05);不脱毛羊绒毛的平均伸直长度(5.84 cm)极显著大于脱毛羊(2.24 cm)(P<0.01),不脱毛羊绒毛平均直径(25.14μm)显著大于脱毛羊(24.22μm)(P<0.05),两群体绒毛的平均密度差异不显著。可见,脱毛羊的粗毛和绒毛与不脱毛羊相比具有显著特征,其粗毛比不脱毛羊长、粗、密,而绒毛则比不脱毛羊短、细、稀,尤其是绒毛长度比不脱毛羊短50%以上。这说明脱毛杜泊羊次级毛囊的生长发育存在季节性休止的特异性,可将脱毛杜泊羊用作研究毛囊周期性生长发育遗传调控机制的试验材料。The Dorpers exhibit a phenotypic segregation of shedding traits within the population.In March,nine shedding individuals(shedding in May)and eight non-shedding individuals were selected from a group of white-headed Dorpers,and fleece samples were collected from the sides of the test sheep to analyze the differences in wool traits between the two phenotypes.The results indicated that the average straightened length of coarse wool in shedding sheep(1.35 cm)was significantly greater than that in non-shedding sheep(1.01 cm)(P<0.01).The average diameter of coarse wool in shedding sheep(163.39μm)was significantly larger than that in non-shedding sheep(86.99μm)(P<0.01).Additionally,the average density of coarse wool in shedding sheep(41.14 hairs/cm²)was significantly higher than that in non-shedding sheep(29.83 hairs/cm²)(P<0.05).In contrast,the average straightened length of fine wool in non-shedding sheep(5.84 cm)was significantly greater than that in shedding sheep(2.24 cm)(P<0.01).The average diameter of fine wool in non-shedding sheep(25.14μm)was significantly larger than that in shedding sheep(24.22μm)(P<0.05).The differences in average density of fine wool between the two groups were not significant.It is evident that the coarse and fine wool characteristics of shedding Dorpers are significantly distinct when compared to non-shedding Dorpers,with the coarse wool being longer,thicker,and denser,while the fine wool is shorter,finer,and less dense,especially with the fine wool length being over 50%shorter than that of non-shedding sheep.This indicates that there is a seasonal dormancy specificity in the growth and development of secondary hair follicles in shedding Dorpers,suggesting that shedding Dorpers can serve as experimental materials for studying the genetic regulatory mechanisms of follicular cyclical growth and development.

关 键 词：杜泊羊 羊毛 长度 直径 密度 表型特征 

分 类 号：S826.9[农业科学—畜牧学]