油菜“棒状”主花序种质群体株型和产量性状的综合分析  

Comprehensive Analysis of Plant Architecture and Yield-Related Traits in a Rod-shaped Main Inflorescence Germplasm Population of Brassica napus

作　　者：梁佩萱 尚丽平 张莉莉 曹小东 张崟 李保军[1] 罗斌[1] 赵亚军[1] 王灏[1] LIANG Peixuan;SHANG Liping;ZHANG Lili;CAO Xiaodong;ZHANG Yin;LI Baojun;LUO Bin;ZHAO Yajun;WANG Hao(Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第3期1-6,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业专项资金项目(重要作物种质资源研究开发与利用);陕西省科协青年人才托举计划项目(NYKJ202211);西藏阿里地区科技计划(QYXTZX-AL2023-03);陕西省‘两链’融合作物育种重点专项(2021LLRH-07-03-01)。

摘　　要：为了研究“棒状”主花序种质群体性状之间的关系,对209份材料的9个株型和产量相关性状进行相关性、通径和主成分分析。结果表明:“棒状”主花序率、分枝高度、茎秆抗折力的变异系数较大,茎秆直径和株高的变异系数较小。“棒状”主花序率与茎秆抗折力和主花序长度呈负相关。通径分析结果表明,单株生物学产量、一次分枝高度、主花序长度对单株经济学产量直接产生正向影响。主成分分析将农艺性状综合为单株经济学产量、一次分枝数、“棒状”主花序率、茎秆抗折力和茎秆直径,累计贡献率达81.26%,基本涵盖了“棒状”主花序油菜性状的总体情况。To investigate the relationships among traits in a Brassica napus germplasm population characterized by a rod-shaped main inflorescence,correlation analysis,path analysis,and principal component analysis were performed on nine plant architecture and yield-related traits across 209 accessions.The results indicated considerable variation in the rod-shaped main inflorescence rate,branch height,and stem bending resistance,while stem diameter and plant height exhibited relatively low variation.A negative correlation was observed between the rod-shaped main inflorescence rate and both stem bending resistance and main inflorescence length.Path analysis indicated that biological yield per plant,main branch height,and main inflorescence length directly had positive effect to economic yield per plant.Principal component analysis integrated the agronomic traits into five key components:economic yield per plant,number of main branches,rod-shaped main inflorescence rate,stem bending resistance,and stem diameter,accounting for a cumulative variance contribution of 81.26%,thereby capturing the major trait characteristics of the rod-shaped main inflorescence germplasm.This study provides valuable reference for plant architecture breeding programs targeting rapeseed with a rod-shaped main inflorescence.

关 键 词：“棒状”主花序 株型性状 相关性分析 通径分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]