不同播期对小麦宝研12农艺性状和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Agronomic Traits of Wheat‘Baoyan 12’

作　　者：张慧成 范春燕 郭艳萍 ZHANG Huicheng;FAN Chunyan;GUO Yanping(Baoji Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qishan,Shaanxi,722400,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市农业科学研究院,陕西岐山722400

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第3期49-52,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022-NY189,2024NC-YBXM-006)。

摘　　要：为明确不同播期对小麦品种的农艺性状和产量的影响,试验以小麦新品种宝研12为材料,于2021-2022年在关中西部灌区设置了6个播期(10月1日、10月5日、10月10日、10月15日、10月20日、10月25日)试验,调查不同播期小麦的生育时期、农艺性状及产量性状。结果表明:随着播期推迟,宝研12的出苗期、分蘖期、孕穗期、抽穗期、开花期、成熟期都相应推迟;越冬期、拔节期、孕穗期的株高、分蘖、叶龄、次生根条数、随着播期推迟出现下降的趋势;不同播期穗粒数无明显差异,亩穗数和千粒重随播期的推迟而显著减少,产量随播期推迟而发生变化,10月5日播种的小麦产量最高(683.7 kg/667 m^(2)),为最佳播期。10月1日、5日、10日、15日播种的小麦产量没有显著差异,因此,建议在该地区宝研12适宜的播期为10月1~15日。To determine the effects of different sowing dates on the agronomic traits and yield of wheat,an experiment was conducted using the new wheat variety‘Baoyan 12’.The study was carried out in the western irrigation area of Guanzhong during the 2021–2022 growing season,with six sowing dates:October 1,October 5,October 10,October 15,October 20,and October 25.The growth stages,agronomic traits,and yield characteristics of wheat under different sowing dates were analyzed.The results showed that as the sowing date was delayed,the emergence,tillering,booting,heading,flowering,and maturity stages were correspondingly postponed.Plant height,tiller number,leaf age,and the number of secondary roots at the overwintering,jointing,and booting stages exhibited a decreasing trend with later sowing dates.The number of grains per spike remained relatively stable across different sowing dates,whereas the number of spikes per unit area and the thousand-kernel weight decreased significantly as the sowing date was delayed.Yield also varied with sowing date,with wheat sown on October 5 achieving the highest yield(683.7 kg/667 m^(2)),indicating that this was the optimal sowing date.No significant differences were observed in yield among wheat sown on October 1,October 5,October 10,and October 15.Therefore,it is recommended that the optimal sowing window for‘Baoyan 12’in this region is from October 1 to October 15.

关 键 词：播期 宝研12 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]