健康城市建设是否促进中老年劳动时间供给  

Does the Healthy City Construction Promote the Supply of Labor Time for the Middle-aged and Elderly

作　　者：魏下海[1,2] 柯宬丞 WEI Xiahai;KE Chengcheng(Institute of Economic Development and Reform,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021;School of Economics and Finance,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学经济发展与改革研究院 [2]华侨大学经济与金融学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2025年第1期153-167,共15页China Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BJL075)。

摘　　要：提升中老年健康水平,激发有效劳动供给和银发力量,是积极应对人口老龄化的重要举措。本文以健康城市试点政策作为外生冲击,结合中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,从理论和经验上考察健康城市建设对中老年劳动时间供给的影响。研究发现,健康城市建设显著促进当地中老年人在劳动力市场的时间供给,且这一效果对男性、低学历、高龄、所在城市空气质量差和医疗资源丰富的中老年群体中更显著。机制分析表明,健康城市建设通过改善中老年人身心健康和促进社会融入,提升其劳动时间供给。拓展性分析说明,健康城市建设显著促进了中老年人的延迟退休意愿。本研究为推进健康中国建设和积极应对老龄化提供了一定的政策借鉴。Enhancing the health of middle-aged and elderly people and stimulating an effective labor supply while harnessing the potential of“silver-hair power”are key initiatives to actively address population aging.This paper uses the Healthy City pilot policy as an exogenous shock and combines data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)to theoretically and empirically examine the impact of Healthy City construction on the labor supply of middle-aged and elderly individuals.The study finds that Healthy City construction significantly increases the supply of labor time among local middle-aged and elderly individuals,with a more pronounced effect observed among men,low-educated individuals,older middle-aged and elderly individuals,and those residing in cities with severe air pollution and abundant medical resources.Mechanism analysis reveals that Healthy City construction promotes labor supply by improving physical and mental health,as well as enhancing social integration.Further analysis suggests that Healthy City construction significantly increases the willingness of middle-aged and elderly individuals to delay retirement.This study provides novel policy insights for actively promoting the Healthy China initiative and addressing the challenges of an aging population.

关 键 词：健康城市试点政策 劳动时间供给 健康效应 社会融入 中老年劳动力市场 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济] C913.6[经济管理—国民经济]