目标树经营对马尾松阔叶混交林林分空间结构的影响  

Impact of crop tree release on the spatial structure of mixed forest of Pinus massoniana broadleaf trees

作　　者：张梦[1] 郭诗宇 曾龙 汪洋[1] 胡成浩 ZHANG Meng;GUO Shi-yu;ZENG Long;WANG Yang;HU Cheng-hao(Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan430200,China;Suizhou Forest Fire Prevention Office,Suizhou441300,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,武汉430200 [2]随州市森林火灾预防中心,湖北随州441300

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第3期100-106,166,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中德财政合作林业重大研究项目(zdczhz2021ky09);中德合作重点科研项目(zdhz2023 ky11)。

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨伐除马尾松(Pinus massoniana)阔叶混交林松材线虫病疫木后,目标树经营对林分空间结构的影响,以期探究优化林分结构,促进林分阔叶化转化并提升其生态功能的经营策略。设置8个20 m×20 m标准样方,采用4株邻近木空间结构单元,计算角尺度、混交度、林层指数、开敞度和Hegyi竞争指数并对计算机模拟目标树经营前后的林分空间结构进行比较。结果表明,目标树经营后,8个样方平均混交度从0.604增加到0.668;角尺度变化表明林木分布趋向随机分布;平均开敞度从0.299增加到0.361,光照条件和生长空间得以改善;平均林层指数从0.576增加到0.608,6个样方林木的林层结构复杂性增加;平均Hegyi竞争指数从0.875降至0.751,林木间的竞争压力得以释放。目标树经营策略能明显优化马尾松阔叶混交林的空间结构,减轻林木间的竞争压力,提高林分混交程度和结构复杂性,有利于提高林分的物种多样性、生产力和稳定性,并促进林分的阔叶化转化,提升生态功能。The purpose of the study is to explore the impact of crop tree release on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana and broadleaf forests after the removal of pine wilt disease-infected trees,with the objective of optimizing forest structure,promoting forest growth,and enhancing broadleaf transformation to improve ecological functions.Eight 20 m×20 m standard plots were set up,four-neighbor tree spatial structure units were used to calculate the uniform angle index,the mingling degree,layering index,openness,and Hegyi competition index,and the spatial structure before and after simulating crop tree release was compared.The results showed that after crop tree release,the average mingling degree of the eight plots increased from 0.604 to 0.668;changes in the uniform angle index of most plots indicated that tree distribution tended to be random;the average openness increased from 0.299 to 0.361,improving light conditions and growth space;the average layering index increased from 0.576 to 0.608,and the complexity of the vertical structure of trees in six plots increased;the average Hegyi competition index decreased from 0.875 to 0.751,relieving competition pressure among trees.Crop tree release strategies could significantly optimize the spatial structure of P.massoniana and broadleaf trees mixed forests,reduce competition pressure among trees,promote mingling degree and structural complexity,enhance species diversity,productivity,and stability of forests,and facilitate broadleaf transformation,thereby improving ecological functions.

关 键 词：目标树经营 马尾松(Pinus massoniana)阔叶混交林 林分空间结构 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]