初产妇分娩恐惧原因与应对策略的质性研究  

Qualitative Study on the Causes and Coping Strategies of Childbirth Fear of Primiparous Women

作　　者：孔敏 魏超 郑渊 鱼婷 张志军 KONG Min;WEI Chao;ZHENG Yuan;YU Ting;ZHANG Zhijun(Xi'an Health School,Xi'an City,Shaanxi Province,China 710054)

机构地区：[1]西安市卫生学校,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《卫生职业教育》2025年第8期129-133,共5页HEALTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

摘　　要：目的探讨初产妇分娩恐惧的原因及应对策略,为孕期保健人员开展针对性的预防和干预提供参考依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2022年4—9月在陕西省西安市某三级甲等产科门诊产检的有分娩恐惧的初产妇进行半结构式深入访谈,采用Colaizzi七步分析法对资料进行分析并提炼主题。结果提炼出初产妇分娩恐惧的原因(疼痛、分娩的异常情况、分娩的不确定性、胎儿和新生儿的健康状况以及医疗环境与服务)和应对策略(获取更多的分娩知识、提前做好分娩准备、家属支持、提高自我管理水平、心理调节)两个主题。结论医务人员应给予初产妇适当的指导,提供充足的信息及个性化服务,以及鼓励家属给予初产妇理解和支持,从而有效减轻初产妇的分娩恐惧。Objective To explore the causes and coping strategies of childbirth fear of primiparous women,and provide reference for targeted prevention and intervention by pregnancy health personnel.Methods The purpose sampling method was used to select the being primipara who were examined in a Grade-A obstetric clinic in Xi'an City,Shaanxi Province from April to September 2022.The semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted,and the data were analyzed and the theme was extracted with Colaizzi seven step analysis method.Results Two main themes were identified for the fear of childbirth among primiparous women:pain,abnormal delivery conditions,uncertainty of delivery,health status of the fetus and newborn,and medical environment and services,as well as coping strategies such as acquiring more childbirth knowledge,preparing for childbirth in advance,family support,improving self-management skills,and psychological regulation.Conclusion Medical personnel should provide appropriate guidance to primiparous women,offer sufficient information and personalized services,and encourage family members to understand and support primiparous women,so as to effectively alleviate their fear of childbirth.

关 键 词：初产妇 分娩恐惧 原因 应对 质性研究 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]