重庆市某区生活饮用水消毒副产物监测及风险评估  

Monitoring and risk assessment of disinfection by-products in drinking water in a district of Chongqing

作　　者：彭浩 王远玲 王君 赵治中 王梅 李友芳 PENG Hao;WANG Yuan-ling;WANG Jun;ZHAO Zhi-zhong;WANG Mei;LI You-fang(Chongqing Bishan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 402760,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市璧山区疾病预防控制中心,重庆402760

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2025年第3期186-189,193,共5页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：重庆市璧山区科研项目(BSKJ0029)。

摘　　要：目的 评价重庆市某区饮用水消毒副产物(DBP)水平及其人群健康风险,为保障饮水安全提供科学依据。方法 采用现场采样和理化分析方法,对该区生活饮用水中DBP进行监测与健康风险评估。结果 共监测该区水样94份,三氯甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、三溴甲烷、氯酸盐和亚氯酸盐检出率分别为99.0%、85.0%、81.0%、1.1%、100.0%和87.0%;三氯甲烷合格率为95.0%,含量最高值达到104.89μg/L,为GB 5749—2022《生活饮用水卫生标准》限值标准的2.42倍,其余种类DBP含量均低于安全限值。DBP经饮水暴露的总致癌风险和非致癌风险分别为43.10×10^(-6)和22.19×10^(-2)。在不同类型水样中,液氯消毒方式水样DBP致癌风险高于二氧化氯消毒方式,末梢水高于出厂水,丰水期高于枯水期。结论 重庆市某区生活饮用水中DBP基本控制在安全限值内,但仍需加强对三氯甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷指标的监测,保障饮水安全。Objective To evaluate the disinfection by-products(DBP)and population health risks in drinking water in a certain district of Chongqing,so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring drinking water safety.Methods The on-site sampling and physical and chemical analysis methods were used to monitor and assess the health risks of DBP in the drinking water of the area.Results A total of 94 water samples were monitored in the area,with detection rates of 99.0%,85.0%,81.0%,1.1%,100.0%,and 87.0%for trichloromethane,dichlorobromomethane,dichlorodibromomethane,tribromomethane,chlorate,and chlorite,respectively.The qualified rate of trichloromethane was 95.0%,with the highest content reaching 104.89μg/L,which was 2.42 times the limit standard of GB 5749—2022 Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water.The DBP content of other types was below the safety limit.The total carcinogenic risk and non carcinogenic risk of DBP exposure through drinking water were 43.10×10^(-6) and 22.19×10^(-2),respectively.Among different types of water samples,the DBP carcinogenic risk of liquid chlorine disinfection method was higher than that of chlorine dioxide disinfection method,the peripheral water was higher than the factory water,and the wet season was higher than the dry season.Conclusion DBP in drinking water in a certain district of Chongqing is basically controlled within the safe limit,but it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of trichloromethane and dichlorobromomethane indicators to ensure drinking water safety.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 消毒副产物 健康风险 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R187[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]