经典名方升麻葛根汤关键信息考证  

Textual Research on Key Information of Classic Formula Shengma Gegentang

作　　者：李玉丽 蒋屏[3] 袁振仪[4] 贺圆圆[4] 毛娅男[4] 王莎莎 朱文彦 尹周安[4] LI Yuli;JIANG Ping;YUAN Zhenyi;HE Yuanyuan;MAO Ya'nan;WANG Shasha;ZHU Wenyan;YIN Zhouan(Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410300,China;Mawangdui Medical Research Center,Changsha 410300,China;The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410000,China;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省中医药研究院,长沙410300 [2]湖南省马王堆医学研究中心,长沙410300 [3]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院,长沙410000 [4]湖南中医药大学,长沙410000

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第8期187-197,共11页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2018SK2111);2022年湖南省教育厅普通高校教学改革研究重点项目(HNJG-2022-0131);湖南省教育科学十三五规划课题(XJK20CGD021);国医大师熊继柏传承工作室开放基金项目(2kt-2022032)。

摘　　要：升麻葛根汤是《古代经典名方目录(第二批)》中的经典名方之一。该研究查阅古今文献,运用文献溯源法和文献计量学方法,从升麻葛根汤历史沿革、方义功效、主治病证、剂量煎服法、现代临床疾病谱等方面进行了考证分析。结果表明升麻葛根汤方名最早记载见于宋代《太平惠民和剂局方》,但其源头可追溯至唐代《备急千金要方》的芍药四物解肌汤。升麻葛根汤组成药味剂量为升麻413 g、葛根619.5 g、白芍413 g、甘草413 g,研为粗末,每服剂量为12.39 g,加水量为300 mL,煎取100 mL药液,适时温服即可。方中四药配伍共奏辛凉解肌,透邪解毒之功效,主治广涉内科、儿科、外科、五官科、妇产科、性病等病证,如麻疹、疮疹、痘疮、发斑、外科痈疽初发、暴赤眼、齿痛、下疳、胎毒等。升麻葛根汤治疗的疫病病种繁杂,包括疹、痘、斑、麻、暑泻、疫痢、痧证、热利、春温、冬温、寒疫等,同时该方更是一首瘟疫预防方。升麻葛根汤主治病证虽广,但仍不可离开邪郁肌表、肺胃有热的病机。升麻葛根汤的现代临床疾病谱涉及五官系统、神经系统、儿科相关病证、皮肤系统、肝胆系统、消化系统等,尤其在麻疹、慢性乙型肝炎、痢疾、破伤风等中医疫病的治疗中发挥较大作用。Shengma Gegentang is one of the classic formulas in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Prescriptions(Second Batch).This study reviewed ancient and modern literature and used literature tracing and bibliometric methods to analyze the historical evolution,efficacy,indications,dosage decoctions,and modern clinical disease spectrum of Shengma Gegentang.The results indicated that the earliest record of Shengma Gegentang can be found in the Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang of the Song dynasty,but its origin can be traced back to the Shaoyao Siwu Jiejitang in the Beiji Qianjin Yaofang of the Tang dynasty.The composition dosage of Shengma Gegentang is 413 g of Cimicifugae Rhizoma,619.5 g of Puerariae Lobatae Radix,413 g of Paeoniae Radix Alba,and 413 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,which are ground into coarse powder.Each dose is 12.39 g,and the amount of water added is 300 mL.100 mL of solution is decocted and taken at the right time.The four drugs in the formula play the role of relieving exterior syndrome,penetrating pathogenic factors,and detoxicating together.Its indications are widely involved in internal medicine,pediatrics,surgery,ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology,obstetrics and gynecology,sexually transmitted diseases,and other diseases,such as measles,sores,acne,spots,surgical gangrene,red eyes,toothache,chancre,and fetal poison.The epidemic diseases treated by Shengma Gegentang are complicated,including rash,pox,macula,numbness,summer diarrhea,dysentery,sha disease,febrile symptoms,spring warmth,winter warmth,and cold pestilence.At the same time,it is a plague prevention formula.Although Shengma Gegentang has a wide range of indications,it cannot be separated from the pathogenic mechanism of evil Qi blocking the muscle surface and heat in the lungs and stomach.The modern clinical disease spectrum of Shengma Gegentang involves the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology system,nervous system,pediatric-related diseases and syndromes,skin system,hepatobiliary system,and digestive system.It plays a key role in the tr

关 键 词：升麻葛根汤 经典名方 历史沿革 处方考证 疫病 

分 类 号：G256[文化科学—图书馆学] R285[医药卫生—中药学] R289[医药卫生—中医学]