基于Fréchet距离的集中式光伏场站送出线路纵联保护方法  

Fréchet Distance Based Pilot Protection Method for Centralized Photovoltaic Station Transmission Lines

作　　者：王少雄 吕思辰 吕飞鹏[1] 王干尧 朱玉勇 覃渝文 廖建权 周文越 王强钢[5] WANG Shaoxiong;LÜSichen;LÜFeipeng;WANG Ganyao;ZHU Yuyong;QIN Yuwen;LIAO Jianquan;ZHOU Wenyue;WANG Qianggang(College of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan Province,China;Department of Computing Science,University of Alberta,Edmonton T6G 2S4,Canada;Department of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Minhang District,Shanghai 200240,China;State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute,Chengdu 610042,Sichuan Province,China;National Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology(Chongqing University),Shapingba District,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,四川省成都市610065 [2]阿尔伯塔大学计算机科学系,加拿大埃德蒙顿T6G 2S4 [3]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院,上海市闵行区200240 [4]国网四川省电力科学研究院,四川省成都市610042 [5]输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市沙坪坝区400044

出　　处：《电网技术》2025年第4期1648-1657,I0068-I0074,共17页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52207126);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U22B6006)。

摘　　要：针对传统纵联保护动作性能下降以及现有相似度保护算法存在波形差异度量不足、定值难以整定、新能源弱出力时的计算失效等问题,提出一种基于Fréchet距离的纵联保护方法。首先揭示了传统差动保护以及现有相似度算法的适应性问题。为此,提出一种综合考虑故障电流幅值和相位特征的保护方法。该方法将空间轨迹相似性与时域波形相关性相结合,引入Fréchet距离作为波形差异度量的量化指标,构建了Fréchet距离与时域电流波形幅、相差异之间的数学联系,为定值整定提供了理论依据。其次,结合动态规划思想优化了算法的时间复杂度。该方法不受线路电容电流、新能源出力特性的影响,相较于现有保护原理具有更优的灵敏性、可靠性。仿真结果表明,所提保护原理能准确识别区内、外故障,仅需10ms时间窗,动作速度最快可达1ms以内,具有较高耐受过渡电阻和噪音的能力。This paper proposes a pilot protection method based on the Fréchet distance to address the decline in performance of traditional pilot protection and the issues with existing similarity protection algorithms.The method overcomes problems such as insufficient waveform difference measurement,difficulty setting fixed values,and computational failure when the new energy is weak.Additionally,the paper highlights the problem of adapting traditional differential protection and existing similarity algorithms.A proposed protection method integrates the fault current's amplitude and phase characteristics.The method combines spatial trajectory similarity with time-domain waveform correlation.It introduces the Fréchet distance as a quantitative index of the waveform difference metric.It constructs the mathematical connection between the Fréchet distance and the amplitude and phase differences of the time domain current waveform.This provides a theoretical basis for constant value rectification.Secondly,the algorithm's time complexity is optimized by incorporating dynamic programming ideas.The method is not affected by line capacitance current or new energy output characteristics,and it has superior sensitivity and reliability compared to existing protection principles.The results indicate that the proposed protection principle can accurately identify faults inside and outside the zone with a time window of only 10ms.The fastest action speed can be achieved in 1 ms or less,and the principle can withstand transition resistance and noise.

关 键 词：光伏场站 送出线路 Fréchet距离 纵联保护 故障特性 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]