1832年弗吉尼亚废奴辩论与拥奴派对奴隶制的重塑  

The Virginia Slavery Debate of 1832 and the Reconfiguration of Slavery by Pro-slavery Americans

作　　者：郭巧华 孙嘉铭 Guo Qiaohua;Sun Jiaming

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院

出　　处：《历史教学(下半月)》2025年第3期39-55,共17页History Teaching

摘　　要：在19世纪30年代之前,美国南方各州,尤其是具有反奴隶制传统的弗吉尼亚,普遍将奴隶制视为一种“必要的恶”,认为随着时间的流逝,这一有违自由平等精神的制度将渐趋消亡。然而棉花王国的兴起,导致下南部奴隶规模越发壮大。1831年特纳起义引发弗吉尼亚次年有关奴隶制存废的激烈辩论。废奴派在这次辩论中看似居于上峰,但却未能将奴隶制予以限制,反而促使拥奴派意识到奴隶制存在的巨大危机,进而重新构建拥奴话语体系。经拥奴派重塑后的奴隶制成为“积极的善”,它包裹着拥有渐进废奴传统的弗吉尼亚,推动其逐步走上了与下南部合流的道路。Before the 1830s,the southern states of the United States,especially Virginia,which had an anti-slavery tradition,generally regarded slavery as a necessary evil,believing that this institution that violated the spirit of freedom and equality would gradually die out over time.However,the rise of the Cotton Kingdom led to the rapid expansion of the enslaved population in the deep south.The Nat Turner Rebellion of 1831 sparked a heated debate in Virginia the following year over the abolition or continuation of slavery.In this debate,the advocates for abolition seemed to be in the upper hand,but they failed to restrict slavery.Instead,they prompted the pro-slavery Americans to realize the huge crisis of slavery and then reconstructed the pro-slavery discourse system.Slavery,reshaped by the pro-slavery Americans,became a"positive good"that wrapped Virginia,which had a tradition of gradual emancipation,and pushed it gradually onto the road of integration with the deep south.

关 键 词：弗吉尼亚 “必要的恶”“积极的善”废奴辩论 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]