油田站场低温余热利用技术对比研究  

Research on the comparison of low-temperature waste heat utilization technology in oilfield station

作　　者：张伟文[1] ZHANG Weiwen(No.3 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司第三采油厂

出　　处：《石油石化节能与计量》2025年第4期6-10,共5页Energy Conservation and Measurement in Petroleum & Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：油田站场蕴含的低温余热资源丰富,在常规工艺中常常被忽略,不仅造成资源浪费,也导致环境污染和碳排放。在梳理直接换热工艺、间接换热工艺和热工转换工艺的基础上,分别建立了以低温烟气和采出水为热源的热工转换模拟工艺,对比了有机朗肯循环和卡琳娜循环在不同工况条件下的净输出功率、热效率,最后形成了不同流量下的低温余热利用技术序列。结果显示:直接换热工艺属于能量降级使用,在油田站场的应用受限;与燃气加热炉相比,燃驱水源热泵和电驱水源热泵可分别降低单位运行成本34%、51%,降低单位碳排放量33%、36%。对于低温烟气余热,建议采用卡琳娜循环工艺;对于采出水余热,建议采用有机朗肯循环。将形成的技术序列推广应用了3个油田站场,每天可降低运行成本339~4011元,且可实现多余电力上网。研究结果可为同类站场低温余热的循环利用提供实际参考。The oilfield stations contain abundant low-temperature waste heat resources and are often neglect-ed in conventional processes,which not only causes wasted resources,but also leads to environmental pollu-tion and carbon emission.On the basis of sorting out the direct heat transfer process,indirect heat transfer pro-cess and thermal conversion process,the thermal conversion simulation process with low-temperature flue gas and produced water as heat source is established,and the net output power and thermal efficiency of organic Rankine cycle and Carina cycle under different working conditions are compared.Finally,a technical se-quence of low-temperature waste heat utilization under different flow rates is formed.The results show that the direct heat transfer technology belongs to energy degradation and its application in oilfield is limited.Compared with gas heating furnaces,the fuel-drive water source heat pump and electric-drive water source heat pump can reduce unit operating costs by 34%and 51%and reduce unit carbon emissions by 33%and 36%respective-ly.For the low-temperature flue gas waste heat,Carina cycle process is recommended while organic Rankine cycle is recommended by produced water waste heat.The developed technology sequence is promoted and ap-plied to three oilfield stations,which can reduce the operating cost of 339 yuan~4011 yuan per day and can realize excess power online.The research results can provide a practical reference for the recycling of low-tem-perature waste heat in similar stations.

关 键 词：低温余热 热源 热工转换 热泵 有机朗肯循环 

分 类 号：TK115[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TE08[石油与天然气工程]