预约合同效力与违约救济的体系化释论——以《合同编通则解释》第7、8条为中心  

Systematic Interpretation of Preliminary Contract Validity and Breach of Contract Remedies:Focusing on Articles 7 and 8 of the Interpretation of the General Principles of Contracts

作　　者：冉克平[1] 李志远 Ran Keping;Li Zhiyuan

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院 [2]武汉大学法学院民商事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2025年第2期67-87,153,154,F0003,共24页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全社会信用体系和监管制度的法治保障研究”(24JDA018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《合同编通则解释》对预约合同问题的进一步阐释存在模糊性。预约合同效力不是单一的,构建二元效力路径更符合规范语义,有助于实现预约合同制度目的与当事人利益的平衡。判断预约合同的效力需要根据预约合同中订立本约合同的约束意思与内容完备性,二者相互作用。对不同类型预约合同的违约判断需要有所区别,不宜笼统适用诚实信用原则。违约损害赔偿责任的赔偿数额在本约合同信赖利益与履行利益之间浮动,唯有在特定情形下方可参照本约合同履行利益赔偿损失。继续履行与预约合同性质并不冲突,不宜依《合同编通则解释》文义将之排除,在特定情形下它仍有成为违约救济方式的可能。The further interpretation of preliminary contracts is vague in the Interpretation of the General Principles of Contracts.The validity of preliminary contracts is not single,and the construction of a dual validity pathway aligns more closely with the normative semantics,which is helpful to realize the purpose of the contract system and balance the interests of the parties.The validity of the contract should be judged according to the binding meaning and content completeness of the contract in a preliminary contract.These two elements interact.For different types of contract breach judgment need to be different,it is not suitable to apply the principle of good faith in general.The amount of compensation for a breach of preliminary contract damages fluctuates between the reliance interest and the performance interest of the final contract,and can only be compensated by referring to the performance interest of the final contract under certain circumstances.Continued performance does not conflict with the nature of a preliminary contract and should not be excluded according to the text of the Interpretation of General Principles of Contracts.It may still serve as a remedy for a breach of the preliminary contract under certain circumstances.

关 键 词：预约合同 违约责任 损害赔偿 继续履行 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]