肠道菌群与儿童食物过敏机制和治疗研究进展  

Mechanism and treatment of food allergy and gut microbiota in children:advances in research

作　　者：谢婉莹 黄永坤[1] XIE Wanying;HUANG Yongkun(Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650032,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院儿科,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2025年第2期240-244,共5页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：食物过敏(food allergy,FA)是由食物抗原激活辅助性T细胞2(Th2)引起免疫系统失衡,调节性T细胞(Treg)减少,促进细胞因子释放而产生的一系列不良反应。肠道菌群和宿主之间的免疫反应与FA的发生相关,明确其作用机制将是防治FA的突破口。本文综述了肠道菌群的起源和影响因素,结合FA的免疫机制,从免疫调节和肠道屏障层面探讨儿童肠道菌群及其代谢产物与FA的关系,分别阐述治疗儿童FA的临床应用方法如补充益生菌和益生元以及临床试验阶段的粪便菌群移植等治疗方法,并结合表观遗传机制对今后的研究方向进行展望。Food allergy(FA)is a series of adverse reactions caused by food antigens that activate T helper cells(Th2)to cause immune system imbalance and reduction of regulatory T cells(Treg),and promote the release of cytokines.The immune response between intestinal flora and the host has an important relationship with the occurrence of FA.To clarify the mechanism of action is a breakthrough for the prevention and treatment of FA.This article reviews the origin and influencing factors of gut microbiota,and by taking the immune mechanism of FA into consideration,discusses the relationship of children's gut microbiota and its metabolites with FA at the level of immune regulation and intestinal barrier.The treatment methods such as probiotics and prebiotics in clinical application and fecal microbiota transplantation in experimental stage in children are also reviewed.In addition,future research directions were briefly discussed in combination with epigenetic mechanisms.

关 键 词：食物过敏 儿童 肠道菌群 免疫机制 肠道屏障 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]