可重构超表面研究进展及应用(特邀)  

Progress and applications of reconfigurable metasurfaces(invited)

作　　者：杨蕾 熊浩然 吴翰铭 刘珅东 王涌天 黄玲玲 YANG Lei;XIONG Haoran;WU Hanming;LIU Shendong;WANG Yongtian;HUANG Lingling(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学光电学院北京市混合现实与新型显示工程技术研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第3期14-34,I0001,共22页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(JQ24028)。

摘　　要：随着信息技术的快速发展,新型显示、动态成像、智能传感、第六代(6G)无线通信等领域的需求日益增长,超表面作为一种能够对电磁波波前进行灵活调控的新型调控技术,逐渐成为研究的热点。可重构超表面通过引入可调材料或施加外部激励,能够动态实时调节电磁波的传播特性,如相位、振幅、偏振等,具有极高的灵活性和可定制性,这使其在多种应用领域中展现出广阔的前景,如可重构光学元件、动态结构色显示、智能无线通信、探测与成像系统等。该综述对近年来可重构超表面的研究进展进行了系统梳理,重点介绍了可重构超表面的基本原理、调控机制及其在显示与成像系统、光计算、无线通信等多个应用领域中的进展。文中总结了可重构超表面在高效动态调控、高集成度和大规模制造等方面面临的挑战,展望了未来研究将聚焦于提高材料响应速度、推动超表面的智能化设计以及探索低成本、高稳定性的制造工艺,为实现更高效、智能的光学解决方案提供重要支撑。Significance Reconfigurable metasurfaces composed of subwavelength structural units can dynamically adjust the propagation characteristics of light waves,such as phase,amplitude and polarization.They exhibit significant application potential across various fields.In order to realize the reconfigurability of metasurfaces,materials with special properties are usually utilized to make them react dynamically under specific external stimuli,such as electric field,magnetic field,heat,light,etc.Compared to traditional optical components,reconfigurable metasurfaces offer greater flexibility and customizability,making them highly advantageous in high-resolution imaging,dynamic displays,intelligent sensing,optical computing,and wireless communication.With the rapid development of information technology,optical technology,and nanofabrication techniques,reconfigurable metasurfaces can provide new design ideas for next-generation intelligent optical devices.Progress First,this article introduces the basic principles and control mechanisms of reconfigurable metasurfaces,including electrical control,thermal control,phase-change material-based control,optical field control,chemical control,mechanical control and so on.Reconfigurable metasurfaces based on different manipulation mechanisms have unique advantages,but they inevitably come with certain limitations.The control mechanism based on the electro-optic effect has the advantages of fast response and high control precision,but it often requires complex circuit design.Magnetic field control,which relies on the magneto-optic effect or spin effect,adjusts the material's refractive index or optical rotation characteristics via an external magnetic field.This method is typically used in magneto-optical devices and offers the advantage of no physical contact;however,its response speed is slower,and it requires a high-intensity magnetic field,which limits its potential for miniaturization.The thermo-optic effect can achieve optical modulation over a wide wavelength range,but its res

关 键 词：超表面 可重构超表面 动态调控 动态显示 光计算 无线通信 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]