宽光谱大靶面机载光学系统无热化设计  

Athermalized design of airborne optical system with wide spectrum and large target surface

作　　者：邹雨婷 龙永涛 王谋新 马冬林 ZOU Yuting;LONG Yongtao;WANG Mouxin;MA Donglin(School of Physics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Optical and Electronic Information,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学物理学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学光学与电子信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第3期248-257,共10页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12274156)。

摘　　要：机载光学系统机动性强,可代替地面人员在各种恶劣环境下进行观测任务,在多个领域发挥日益重要的作用。传统的无人机通常搭载可见光或红外光的单波段成像系统,抗干扰能力差,且无法适应恶劣温度环境。此外,这些光学系统通常适配较小的探测器靶面,无法在大视场范围内保持较高的图像分辨率,不宜作为远距离机载探测系统。笔者团队根据光学系统消色差以及无热化设计原理,采用了折射式宽光谱共焦设计方法,研制了一款宽光谱大靶面无热化机载光学系统。该系统工作波段为0.4~1.7μm,焦距为120 mm,F数为2,适配20.48 mm×20.48 mm的探测器靶面,并能在-40~60℃的温度范围内保持良好的成像质量。根据光机设计结果,制作了相应的样机,并采用Tropics公司的光学传递函数测量仪对样机性能进行测试。测试结果表明:可见光波段、近红外波段以及短波红外波段在奈奎斯特频率50 lp/mm处的光学传递函数值均大于0.4,各波段的最大畸变均小于0.61%,成像质量良好。该系统覆盖靶面大,探测效率高,且制造加工与装配条件宽松,满足宽光谱探测系统的使用需求。Objective The airborne optical lens has strong mobility and can replace ground personnel to carry out observation tasks in various harsh environments,and plays an increasingly important role in the military and civilian fields.Traditional UAVs are usually equipped with a single-band imaging system with visible or infrared light,and the anti-interference ability is poor.Not only that,in harsh temperature environments,temperature changes can deform the optical lens,affecting the imaging quality of the entire system.In order to meet the imaging requirements of the airborne optical system in harsh environments,the system needs to be athermalized designed to eliminate the focus shift caused by temperature changes and ensure that the system has good imaging quality in a wide temperature range.In addition,these imaging systems are usually suitable for smaller detector target surfaces,and cannot maintain high image resolution within a large field of view,so they are not suitable for long-distance airborne detection lenses.In view of the above application difficulties,based on the achromatic and athermalized design principles,an airborne optical system with a wide spectrum and large target area was developed,which can realize all-weather detection and work in harsh temperature environments,which greatly improves the detection efficiency.Methods In this paper,an athermalized design scheme for a transmissive wide-spectrum airborne optical system is proposed.Firstly,according to the achromatic and athermalized design principles of the optical system,the selection principles of glass materials and mechanical materials are derived.Then,the technical indicators of the system were determined according to the actual needs(Tab.1),and the refractive confocal lens configuration was used as the initial structure.In ZEMAX,multiple structure functions are used to optimize the imaging quality of the visible light band,near-infrared band and short-wave infrared band in a wide temperature range,and finally the target structure that meets

关 键 词：光学设计 宽光谱 无热化设计 大靶面 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]