基于液体透镜的投影与扫描共光路发射光学系统设计  

Design of emission optical system with common optical path for projection and scanning based on liquid lens

作　　者：邢玉磊 王劲松[1,2] 张云川 徐鑫 XING Yulei;WANG Jinsong;ZHANG Yunchuan;XU Xin(School of Optoelectronic Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;Zhongshan Institute,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Zhongshan 528437,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学光电工程学院,吉林长春130022 [2]长春理工大学中山研究院,广东中山528437

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第3期281-290,共10页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：吉林省重点科技研发项目(20180201025GX);中山市创新团队项目(CXTD2023006)。

摘　　要：针对大尺寸空间三维坐标的扫描测量和投影一体化、小型化的需求,设计了基于液体透镜的投影与扫描共光路发射光学系统。系统是由一级变倍扩束子系统与二级定倍扩束子系统组成的两级扩束系统。光学系统的变倍扩束与动态聚焦均通过调节两个液体透镜的焦距来实现。该结构形式缩小仪器体积,并可实现扫描测量时变倍扩束、投影时动态调焦,双波段的波长范围可以满足多色投影的需求。扫描与投影发射共光路的整体结构在ZEMAX软件中实现仿真与优化。扫描状态下,638 nm的激光接近准直射出,在整体扩束倍率为3、3.75、4.5时,其波像差的峰谷值均满足瑞利判据。投影状态下,在整体扩束倍率为4.5的状态下保持第一个液体透镜焦距不变,仅调节第二个液体透镜焦距,实现了638 nm和520 nm的激光在5~10 m的聚焦光斑直径均小于1 mm,10~20 m的聚焦光斑直径均小于2 mm,20~30 m的聚焦光斑直径均小于3 mm。通过公差分析证明了光学系统设计的可行性。系统总长仅为131.6 mm,最大口径为14 mm,在保证小型化的同时可以用于实现扫描和大投影距的多色投影。Objective The laser scanner acquires surface information of a target by integrating laser ranging with the deflection angles of scanning components,making it suitable for applications such as topographic mapping and surface inspection.The laser projector achieves projection images by rapidly deflecting the scanning device to move the laser across the projection surface.It can be utilized in areas such as component installation,defect location,and more.In certain application scenarios,both laser scanning and laser projection are often used simultaneously.When employing separate scanners and projectors in coordination,a coordinate transformation is required between laser scanning and laser projection.The involved calibration process is both complex and challenging,thus significantly affecting work efficiency.The integrated scanning and projection system with a shared optical path avoids this problem.As a result,research on combining laser scanning measurement and laser scanning projection has gained increasing importance.Methods The optical system presented in this paper consists of two liquid lenses and two sets of Galilean beam expanding structures.It features a two-stage beam expanding design,comprising a first-stage variable beam expanding subsystem and a second-stage constant beam expanding subsystem.The optical system achieves zoom functionality without any mechanical structures.To simplify the design process,two sets of compensating lenses are placed between the two liquid lenses.The first set of compensating lenses is concave lenses,and the second set is convex lenses.The two compensating lenses constitute a Galilean beam expanding structure.Since the common optical path system needs to consider the use requirements of two wavelength bands,it is difficult to correct aberrations well with a single lens.Considering that the cemented surface of the double-cemented lens may be damaged by laser,the positive lens in the beam expanding structure is replaced with a double-separated lens,which not only improves the

关 键 词：光学设计 激光聚焦 变倍扩束 液体透镜 ZEMAX 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]