中国研究生招生选拔模式的生成机制与变革路径  

The generation mechanism and reform path of postgraduate enrollment selection model in China

作　　者：张亚群 金怀周 罗菊芳 ZHANG Yaqun;JIN Huaizhou;LUO Jufang(Institute of Education,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005;Teacher Education College,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810007;College of Educational Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院,厦门361005 [2]青海民族大学教师教育学院,西宁810007 [3]山西师范大学教科院,太原030031

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2025年第5期55-65,共11页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家教育考试科研规划2021年度重点课题“专业学位与学术学位硕士研究生分类招生考试改革研究”(GJK2021022)的部分成果。

摘　　要：申请审核与考试选拔是中国研究生招生选拔的基本模式,两者起源早、流传广、影响大,并衍生出其他多种招生模式。百余年来,研究生招生选拔模式的变革从申请审核到统一招考、从高校主导到政府主导、从单一模式到多元选拔,逐步形成了具有中国特色的研究生招生选拔体系。研究表明,制度移植是研究生申请审核与考试选拔模式生成的重要基础,本土化探索是研究生招生模式变革的根本路径,多元化发展是研究生招生选拔模式的现实选择。新时期推进研究生招生选拔制度改革,须适应中国式现代化建设的战略需求,把握正确的改革路向,优化分类评价标准,完善分层选拔机制,强化考试评价功能,协调招生选拔与培养的关系,促进研究生教育高质量发展。Application inspection and examination selection are the basic mode of postgraduate enrollment in China.They originated early,spread widely and have great influence,and derived from a variety of other enrollment modes.For more than 100 years,the generation and reform of the postgraduate enrollment and selection mode,from application inspection to unified recruitment,from universities leadership to government leadership,from single mode to multiple selection,has gradually formed a postgraduate enrollment selection system with Chinese characteristics.The research shows that the transplantation of education system is an important basis for postgraduate application review and the generation of examination selection mode,localization exploration is the fundamental path for the reform of postgraduate enrollment mode,and diversified development is the realistic choice of postgraduate enrollment mode To promote the reform of the postgraduate enrollment and selection system in the new period,it is necessary to adapt to the strategic needs of the Chinese modernization construction,grasp the correct reform path,optimize the classification and evaluation standards,improve the hierarchical selection mechanism,strengthen the function of examination and evaluation,coordinate the relationship between enrollment and selection and training,and promote the highquality development of postgraduate education.

关 键 词：研究生招生 申请审核制 考试选拔模式 生成机制 变革路径 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]