欧洲博士生导师指导质量保障:改革、实践及其特征  

Quality Assurance of European Doctoral Supervision:Reforms,Practice and Characteristics

作　　者：林焕翔 Lin Huanxiang

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学教育学院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2025年第2期169-175,共7页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：2024年度辽宁省研究生教育教学改革研究项目“破‘五唯’背景下学科评价体系研究”(LNYJG2024024)。

摘　　要：近二十年,导师指导质量保障成为欧洲博士生教育改革重点。基于8所欧洲一流大学的系统考察,总结其导师指导质量保障关键举措与核心特征。研究发现,欧洲大学基于公共性重构导学关系运行模式,建立师生多元指导关系与平等协商关系;基于岗位需求多举措推动导师专业化发展,丰富校内外发展项目的同时提升导师自主改进能力;基于质量评价实现基本质量控制与竞争选优结合,构建兼顾合格保障与卓越示范评价框架。欧洲导师指导质量保障建设深入推进,得益于大学有效平衡制度同构与本土需求的张力,协调学术自治与政策规制对冲关系,致力于形成全员参与的整合型质量文化。Over the past two decades,quality assurance in doctoral supervision has become a key focus of European doctoral education reform.This paper summarizes measures and characteristics of promoting quality assurance based on a survey of eight leading European universities.The findings show that these universities have restructured supervisory relationships to emphasize publicness,established multiple supervisory relationships,and fostered egalitarian negotiations between supervisors and students.To promote professional development,initiatives include diverse programs both within and outside universities,encouraging supervisors continuous self-improvements.Quality evaluation integrates basic control with competitive selection,ensuring eligibility and excellence.The profound advancement of quality assurance within European universities benefits from balancing institutional isomorphism with local needs,coordinating academic autonomy with policy regulation,and commitment to an integrated quality culture of full participation.

关 键 词：欧洲 博士生导师 质量保障 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]