全膝关节置换术后患者深静脉血栓形成的危险因素  

Risk factors of deep vein thrombosis in patients after total knee arthroplasty

作　　者：杨洁 王虎 贺静 安林静 Yang Jie;Wang Hu;He Jing;An Linjing(Comprehensive Ward of Bone Trauma,Trauma Hospital,Xi'an Honghui Hospital,Xi'an 710054,China;Department of Orthopedics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市红会医院创伤病院骨创伤综合病区,西安710054 [2]西安医学院第二附属医院骨外科,西安710038

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2025年第6期1132-1136,共5页international journal of nursing

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019SF-120)。

摘　　要：目的分析研究膝骨关节炎采取全膝关节置换治疗患者发生深静脉血栓的独立危险因素,为临床术后康复护理制定提供依据。方法采用横断面研究法,抽选西安市红会医院创伤病院骨创伤综合病区在2022年6月至2023年7月期间接收的115例全膝关节置换术后患者作为临床基线资料作为观察对象,经由下肢多普勒超声检测结果将其分为血栓组21例和非血栓组94例,借助一般资料问卷、美国膝关节协会评分、运动恐惧等调查工具,对其进行单因素分析、Logistic多因素分析。结果年龄、术后卧床时间、美国膝关节协会评分、运动恐惧等均为全膝关节置换术后发生深静脉血栓的单因素(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,老年患者、运动恐惧、长期卧床、膝关节功能障碍等均为全膝关节置换术后发生深静脉血栓的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄、心理、生理状态等因素被明确为全膝关节置换术后患者发生DVT的相关独立危险因素,强化老年患者病情监测,疏导恐惧负性心理情绪,鼓励尽早参与康复运动,以促进血液循环,降低DVT发生。ObjectiveTo analyze the independent risk factors of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in patients with knee osteoarthritis treated by total knee arthroplasty,and to provide a basis for clinical postoperative rehabilitation nursing.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to select 115 patients after total knee arthroplasty from June 2022 to July 2023 in the Bone Trauma Comprehensive Ward of Trauma Hospital of Xi'an Honghui Hospital as clinical baseline data.The patients were divided into a thrombus group(21 cases)and a non-thrombus group(94 cases)based on the results of lower extremity Doppler ultrasound detection.With the help of general data questionnaire,American Knee Association score,fear of sports and other survey tools,univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate analysis were conducted.ResultsAge,time in bed,American Knee Association score and fear of exercise were the single factors of DVT after total knee replacement(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that elderly patients,exercise fear,long-term bed rest and knee dysfunction were independent risk factors for deep vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty(P<0.05).ConclusionsFactors such as age,psychological and physiological status have been identified as independent risk factors for DVT in patients after total knee arthroplasty.The disease monitoring of elderly patients should be strengthened,the fear of negative psychological emotions should be channeled,and participation in rehabilitation exercise should be encouraged as soon as possible to promote blood circulation and reduce the occurrence of DVT.

关 键 词：全膝关节置换术后 膝骨关节炎 深静脉血栓 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]