不同种类油井水泥降失水材料效能及作用机制  

Effectiveness and working mechanism of various fluid loss additives for oil well cement

作　　者：庞学玉 张戈[3] 戈晗 吕开河[1,2] 孙金声[1,2] 孙立君 张健 PANG Xueyu;ZHANG Ge;GE Han;L Kaihe;SUN Jinsheng;SUN Lijun;ZHANG Jian(National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil&Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;No.7 Oil Production Plant,Changqing Oilfield Branch Company,PetroChina,Xi'an 710200,China;Shengli Oilfield Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute,SINOPEC,Dongying 257100,China;Drilling and Production Engineering Technology Research Institute of CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company,Xi'an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]深层油气全国重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司第七采油厂,陕西西安710200 [4]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257100 [5]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期131-141,共11页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(52288101);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(23CX05001A)。

摘　　要：为进一步认识各种油井水泥降失水材料的效能及作用机制,在两种水泥净浆的基础上,分别筛选并添加胶乳、微硅以及6种聚合物降失水剂,开展滤失和流变性能测试。利用红外光谱、核磁氢谱、凝胶色谱、热失重测试表征聚合物降失水剂的化学结构以及热稳定性。结果表明:在60℃,微硅、胶乳能起到一定的降失水效果但是很难阻止气穿在30 min内发生,且增稠明显;聚合物降失水剂降滤失效果明显优于微硅和胶乳,仅添加少量(其中5种降失水剂的有效加量为0.8%~1.2%(干水泥质量分数))便可将API滤失量(90℃)控制在小于50 mL,同时水泥浆增稠不明显;多数降失水剂在120~150℃效果明显变差,仅有酰胺基含量更高、相对分子质量更大的ZL-1在180℃时仍可将API滤失量控制在小于50 mL;在30~90℃,添加聚合物的同一水泥浆配方滤失量随温度升高呈近似线性升高,而流变性总体变化不大。总的来说,聚合物降失水剂的相对分子质量越大、相对分子质量分布越宽,控制滤失的能力就更佳,同时滤失量随温度的变化也更小;相对分子质量类似的条件下,分子结构中亲水基团越多控制滤失效果越好;各种测试条件下水泥浆滤失量与滤饼厚度呈较好的线性关系,进一步结合达西公式可以得出滤失量与时间的平方根成正比例关系。In order to further understand the effectiveness and working mechanism of various materials in controlling fluid loss of oil well cement,latex,silica fume and six types of polymer fluid loss additives were screened and added to two different neat cement systems for fluid loss and rheological property testing.The chemical structure and thermal stability of the polymer fluid loss additives were characterized by IR,1H-NMR,gel chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis.The results show that,at 60℃,silica fume and latex can reduce fluid loss to some extent,but it is difficult to prevent gas blow through within 30 minutes,and slurry viscosification occurs.Fluid loss control with the polymer additives is obviously better than that of silica fume and latex.Only a small amount(0.8%-1.2%effective dosage by mass of dry cement for five out of six additives)is sufficient to control API fluid loss value within 50 mL at 90℃with no significant slurry viscosification.The performance of the most fluid loss additives tested is significantly poor at 120-150℃,while additive ZL-1 with high amide group content and large molecular weight is the only one that can still control API fluid loss within 50 mL at 180℃.At 30-90℃,the fluid loss of cement slurries with polymer additives increases almost linearly with increasing temperature without significant change in rheological properties generally.Overall,polymer additives with higher and wider distribution of molecular weight are more effective in controlling fluid loss,but they tend to cause slurry viscosification.For similar molecular weight,polymers with more hydrophilic groups also seem to be more effective.The fluid loss value of cement slurries under various testing conditions exhibits a linear relationship with the thickness of the filter cake.In combination with the Darcy's law,it can be found that the fluid loss is proportional to the square root of testing time.

关 键 词：油井水泥 降失水剂 胶乳 微硅 聚合物 流变性 滤饼 

分 类 号：TE256[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]