海洋平台中小尺寸废弃套管水下等离子内切割新方法研究  

Study on new method of underwater plasma internal cutting of small-sized waste casing for offshore platforms

作　　者：纪仁杰[1] 邱玉威 李小璟 刘永红[1] JI Renjie;QIU Yuwei;LI Xiaojing;LIU Yonghong(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期196-204,共9页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675535);装备预研教育部联合基金创新团队项目(8091B042209);泰山学者工程专项(tsqn202306118)。

摘　　要：提出一种适用于海洋平台中小尺寸废弃石油套管的等离子内切割技术,以解决传统套管切割方法切割小尺寸套管时应力大、环境污染严重以及成本高等问题。针对传统等离子割炬存在冷却效果差、损耗快等问题,研制一种新型等离子割炬,通过对冷却流场的流线分布进行研究,揭示冷却流道结构影响散热效果的内在机制,并进行结构优化设计,显著改善割炬的冷却性能;通过套管切割实验研究得到切割电流、进气气压和切割速度对套管切割质量的影响规律,并揭示其影响等离子束能量密度的内在机制;利用响应面法优化切割工艺参数,预测最佳切割速度时切割电流及进气气压。结果表明,采用新方法可以在3 min内完成管径为88.9 mm废弃石油套管的整圈切断,切割断面整齐光滑,实现了小尺寸废弃石油套管的高效切割。A plasma internal cutting technology for small-sized waste casing in offshore platforms was proposed to solve the problems of high stress,serious environmental pollution and high cost when cutting small-size casing by traditional casing cutting methods.A new type of plasma torch was developed to solve the problems of poor cooling effect and rapid loss of traditional plasma torch.Through the study of flow line distribution of the cooling flow field,the internal mechanism of the cooling runner structure affecting the heat dissipation effect was revealed,and the optimized design of the structure was carried out,which significantly improves the cooling performance of the torch.Through the experimental study of casing cutting,the influence of cutting current,inlet air pressure and cutting speed on the quality of casing cutting was obtained,and the intrinsic mechanism affecting the energy density of plasma beam was revealed.The cutting process parameters were optimized using the response surface method,and the cutting current as well as the inlet air pressure was predicted at the optimal cutting speed.The results show that the new method can be used to complete the whole circle cutting of 88.9 mm waste casing within 3 minutes,and the cutting section is neat and smooth,realizing the efficient cutting of small-sized waste casing.

关 键 词：等离子切割 小尺寸套管 流固热耦合 响应面法 

分 类 号：TG483[金属学及工艺—焊接]