不同耐旱性甘薯根系的转录组分析  

Transcriptome Analysis in Roots of Sweetpotato with Different Drought Tolerance

作　　者：汪宝卿[1] 解备涛[2] 张立明[1] WANG Baoqing;XIE Beitao;ZHANG Liming(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100;Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院,济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第9期47-55,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“花生、甘薯、马铃薯大面积丰产优质和全程机械化关键技术与集成示范”(2024YFD2301000);国家重点研发计划项目“杂粮优质高效轻简栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1000800)。

摘　　要：为了从转录水平揭示不同耐旱性甘薯柴根和块根的差异,明确甘薯根系分化和耐旱性生理机制,以耐旱性强的‘济薯21’‘(JS21’)和耐旱性弱的‘济紫薯1’‘(JZ1’)为材料,通过旱棚人工控水模拟干旱,开展了不同耐旱性甘薯根系的转录组分析。结果表明,在正常供水条件下,2个品种的差异表达基因(DEGs)的GO分类和KEGG富集类似。在干旱条件下,同一品种内,‘JS21’块根与柴根间有84个差异基因富集于淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径,‘JZ1’块根与柴根间有112个差异基因富集于核糖体代谢途径;不同品种间,‘JS21’和‘JZ1’的块根间有224个差异基因,‘JS21’和‘JZ1’的柴根间有204个差异基因,均主要富集于核糖体代谢途径。通过转录因子和激素代谢途径进一步分析发现,在干旱条件下,与耐旱性弱的甘薯品种‘JZ1’相比,耐旱性强的甘薯品种‘JS21’块根中ARF类转录因子和柴根中NAC类转录因子差异表达的较多,‘JS21’块根和柴根中均是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中基因表达上调,油菜素内酯生物合成途径中基因表达下调;同一品种内,与柴根相比,‘JS21’块根中α-亚麻酸代谢途径中基因表达上调。总之,耐旱性强的甘薯可以通过协调抗旱基因和生长转录因子表达,并平衡抗旱激素(ABA、JA)和生长激素(IAA、BR)来维持干旱条件下的淀粉和蔗糖代谢,从而在提高抗旱性的同时保证一定的产量形成。In order to reveal the difference between thick root(TR)and storage root(SR)of sweetpotato with difference drought tolerance from transcriptional level,and further explicit the mechanism of roots differentiation and drought tolerance by simulating field drought in dry shed with artificial water control,two varieties including‘Jishu21’‘(JS21’)with strong drought tolerance and‘Jizishu1’‘(JZ1’)with weak drought tolerance were chosen as research materials.Transcriptome analysis of sweet potato thick root and storage root was carried out.The results indicated GO classification of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)of the two varieties was similar to that of KEGG enrichment.Under drought stress,84 DEGs between SR and TR of‘JS21’mainly enriched the accumulation of starch and sucrose metabolic pathway,while 112 DEGs between SR and TR of‘JZ1’mainly enriched ribosomal metabolic pathway.Among different varieties,224 DEGs between‘JS21’and‘JZ1’were found in SR,but 204 DEGs between‘JS21’and‘JZ1’were counted in TR,and all mainly enriched ribosomal metabolic pathway.Further analysis by transcription factors and hormones metabolism showed that ARF-like transcription factors in storage root and NAC-like transcription factors in thick root of‘JS21’were more differentially expressed than‘JZ1’under drought stress.The expression of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway was up-regulated,while genes involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway were down-regulated in both thick root and storage root of‘JS21’.In the same variety,the gene expression ofα-linolenic acid metabolic pathway in‘JS21’storage root was up-regulated compared with thick root.In conclusion,sweetpotato with strong drought tolerance can maintain starch and sucrose metabolism under drought conditions by coordinating the expression of drought tolerance genes and growthrelated transcription factors,balancing drought tolerance hormones(ABA,JA)and growth related hormones(IAA,BR),so as to improve the dr

关 键 词：甘薯 干旱 根系 转录组 油菜素内酯 转录因子 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]