外引蓝莓品种在滇西北的耐旱性评价  

Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Introduced Blueberry Varieties in Northwest Yunnan

作　　者：苏泽春[1] 杨文宏[1] 杨燕林[1] 杨正松[1] 和建平[1] 木永青 余莹 和加卫[1] SU Zechun;YANG Wenhong;YANG Yanlin;YANG Zhengsong;HE Jianping;MU Yongqing;YU Ying;HE Jiawei(Alpine Economic Plant Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lijiang,Yunnan 674100)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第9期56-64,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“2种云南越桔的遗传多样性及居群遗传结构分析”(32160695);丽江市后备人才培养计划“蓝莓基质栽培关键技术研究”(2021rc04);云南省科技厅创新引导与科技型企业培育计划“云南省云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所苏泽春科技特派员”(202404BK090271);云南省科技人才与平台计划(院士专家工作站)项目“云南省李亚东专家工作站”(202205AF150029);云南省基础研究计划项目“滇西北重要野生植物种质资源发掘利用”(202101BC070003);云南省重大科技专项“蓝莓优异性状评价与新品种选育”(202302AE090005)。

摘　　要：为解决高海拔山区蓝莓种植面临的水资源短缺问题,本研究以11个外引蓝莓品种为试验材料,通过设置干旱组和浇水组进行对比试验,以评估各品种在自然干旱条件下的耐旱潜力。2021年,对干旱组处理的蓝莓进行叶片形态解剖观测,运用统计学方法探讨不同蓝莓品种的耐旱性,并筛选叶片形态解剖的关键指标。2022年,采用双变量方差分析方法,对比干旱组和浇水组的产量构成因素,从而评估各品种受干旱影响后的生产恢复潜力。结果显示,不同蓝莓品种的耐旱性存在显著差异,11个蓝莓品种耐旱性由强到弱依次为‘密斯蒂’>‘普鲁’>‘双丰’>‘布里吉塔’>‘久比利’>‘蓝丰’>‘盛世’>‘奥尼尔’>‘波尼法西’>‘园蓝’>‘公爵’。通过对10项叶片形态解剖指标的筛选,确定了4个评价蓝莓耐旱性的典型指标,即上表皮厚度、叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度和气孔密度。实证分析表明,‘密斯蒂’、‘普鲁’和‘双丰’耐旱性较强,‘波尼法西’、‘园蓝’和‘公爵’耐旱性相对较弱,这一结论与耐旱性评价的结论相符。In order to solve the problem of water shortage faced by blueberry planting in high-altitude mountainous areas,this study takes 11 introduced blueberry varieties as experimental materials.It aims to evaluate the drought tolerance potential of the varieties under natural drought conditions by setting up the comparative experiment method of the drought group and the watering group.In 2021,leaf morphological and anatomical observations were carried out on blueberries in the drought group.Statistical methods were used to explore the drought tolerance of different blueberry varieties while screening key indicators for leaf morphology and anatomy.In 2022,a bivariate analysis of variance method was employed to compare the yield components between the drought group and the watered group,in order to assess the production recovery potential of each variety after being affected by drought.The results showed that there were significant differences among different blueberry varieties in terms of drought tolerance.The order of drought tolerance of the 11 blueberry varieties from strong to weak was as follows:‘Misty’>‘Bluecrop’>‘Sweetheart’>‘Brigitta’>‘Jubilee’>‘Bluecrop’>‘Shengshi’>‘O'Neal’>‘Boniface’>‘Garden blue’>‘Duke’.Through screening 10 leaves morphological and anatomical indicators,4 typical indicators for evaluating the drought tolerance of blueberries were obtained,namely,the thickness of the upper epidermis,the thickness of the leaf,the thickness of the spongy tissue and the stomatal density.The results of the empirical analysis showed that‘Misty’,‘Bluecrop’and‘Sweetheart’had relatively strong drought tolerance,while‘Boniface’,‘Garden blue’and‘Duke’had relatively weak drought tolerance.This conclusion was consistent with that of the drought tolerance evaluation.

关 键 词：蓝莓 自然干旱 耐旱 隶属函数 双变量方差 

分 类 号：S663[农业科学—果树学]