广东南雄烟区箭筈豌豆不同翻压量下腐解速率及养分变化特征研究  

Decomposition Rate and Nutrient Release Characteristics of Different Vicia sativa Green Manure Applications in Nanxiong Tobacco Growing Area of Guangdong Province

作　　者：邓艺璇 李振山 黄瑞寅[4] 刘兰 蓝军[4] 杨天乐[4] 丁效东[2] 樊苗苗 王军 DENG Yixuan;LI Zhenshan;HUANG Ruiyin;LIU Lan;LAN Jun;YANG Tianle;DING Xiaodong;FAN Miaomiao;WANG Jun(Tobacco Science Institute of Guangdong,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512400;College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109;Pingdu City Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Qingdao,Shandong 266700;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Corporation,Guangzhou 510000)

机构地区：[1]广东省烟草科学研究所,广东韶关512400 [2]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [3]平度市农业农村局,山东青岛266700 [4]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州510000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第7期93-99,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“乳源烟区土壤保育技术与品种适应性研究及应用”(2023440000340032)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同翻压量下箭筈豌豆在广东南雄烟区的腐解及养分释放特征,采用尼龙网袋埋田法进行了120 d的田间腐解试验,设置20000、30000、40000 kg/hm^(2) 3个翻压量处理,分析箭筈豌豆的干物质腐解规律和养分释放率。结果显示,随着翻压时间的推移,箭筈豌豆腐解率呈前期迅速增加、后期缓慢的变化趋势,试验到120 d时箭筈豌豆干物质的最终腐解率为81.90%~84.95%。箭筈豌豆碳、氮、磷和钾养分均在翻压后的前30 d大量释放,到试验结束时各养分累积释放率分别达到80.45%~83.48%、85.18%~86.98%、85.19%~87.55%和88.15%~91.33%。回归分析表明,随着箭舌豌豆翻压量的增加,钾养分最易达到的释放率呈降低趋势,而碳和氮养分呈先减小后增加趋势,磷养分呈先增加后减小趋势,各养分最大释放速率均随着箭筈豌豆翻压量的增加而增加。经预测分析,箭筈豌豆的碳、氮、磷、钾养分完全释放分别需要200~252、167~189、144~157、126~143 d。翻压量的增加对箭筈豌豆整体的腐解及养分释放规律没有影响,但对各养分释放率和释放速率有较大影响,翻压量的增加可以提高翻压前期(30 d)箭筈豌豆各养分的释放速率。增加翻压量后箭筈豌豆大部分养分在翻压前期释放,无法为作物提供持续的养分供应。因此,实际生产中应结合烤烟的需肥特性确定箭筈豌豆合理的翻压量。To investigate the characteristics of decomposition and nutrient release of Vicia sativa under different overturning pressures in the Nanxiong tobacco growing area of Guangdong Province,field decomposition tests were carried out using nylon mesh bags buried in the field for 120 days.The dry matter decomposition rule and nutrient release rate of Vicia sativa under pressure amounts of 20000,30000 and40000 kg/hm^(2) were studied.The results showed that the dissolution rate of Vicia sativa increased rapidly in the early stage and slowly in the later stage.The final dissolution rate of Vicia sativa dry matter was 81.90%-84.95% at 120 days.Carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium were released in large quantities in the first30 days after overturning.By the end of the trial,the cumulative release rates of all nutrients reached 80.45%-83.48%,85.18%-86.98%,85.19%-87.55%,and 88.15%-91.33%,respectively.Regression analysis showed that the release rate of the most accessible potassium nutrient showed a decreasing trend with the increase of overturning pressure.While carbon and nitrogen nutrients showed a decreasing trend first and then an increasing trend,and phosphorus nutrient showed a decreasing trend first and then a stable trend.The maximum release rate of all nutrients increased with the increase of the overturning pressure of Vicia sativa.According to prediction analysis,the complete release of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium required200-252,167-189,144-157 and 126-143 d,respectively.The increase in overturning pressure had no effect on the overall decomposition and nutrient release rule but had a greater impact on the release rate and speed of nutrients.The increase in overturning pressure could improve the nutrient release rate in the early stage of overturning(within 30 days).Most nutrients of Vicia sativa were released in the early stage after increasing the overturning pressure,which could not provide sustained nutrient supply for crops.Therefore,in actual production,the reasonable overturning amount of

关 键 词：箭筈豌豆 广东南雄烟区 翻压量 腐解特征 养分释放 绿肥利用 

分 类 号：S551.9[农业科学—作物学]