木霉菌W1生物有机肥对滨海番茄种植的影响  

Biological Effects of Trichoderma W1 Bio-organic Fertilizer on Coastal Tomato Planting

作　　者：王丽丽 朱诗君 卢晓红 金树权 WANG Lili;ZHU Shijun;LU Xiaohong;JIN Shuquan(Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315040;Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315040;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波315040 [2]宁波市特色农产品质量安全检测与控制重点实验室,浙江宁波315040 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第7期100-106,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目“非粮化耕地和中低产田产能提升综合技术模式与应用”(2022Z169)。

摘　　要：为探究木霉生物有机肥对盐碱地的改良作用,以木霉菌为研究对象,在室内采用平板生长法研究木霉菌耐盐能力和菌丝体形态特征,并在宁波滨海盐土田间试验中研究木霉生物有机肥对番茄生长特征的影响。田间试验设置不施肥(CK)、复合肥2200 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1))、木霉生物有机肥9 t/hm^(2)(T_(2))、木霉生物有机肥18 t/hm^(2)(T_(3))和木霉生物有机肥6 t/hm^(2)+复合肥1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(4))5个处理。结果表明,木霉菌W1在含盐平板中的生长能力较菌株LX-132好。结合木霉菌W1的菌丝体特征,并通过进化树分析,初步鉴定其为棘孢木霉(T_(r)ichoderma asperellum)。施用W1木霉生物有机肥(T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4))的土壤有机质含量高于不施用木霉生物有机肥的处理(CK、T_(1)),其中T_(3)处理相比CK、T_(1)分别增加了16.5%、10.7%。施用W1木霉生物有机肥的处理的番茄产量和品质均明显优于CK、T_(1),其中T_(3)处理的番茄维生素C含量和糖酸比最高,分别比CK提高了5.39%、6.18%,比T_(1)分别提高了2.35%、4.71%。施用木霉生物有机肥+复合肥处理增产效果最为明显,T_(4)处理的产量较CK、T_(1)分别增加了117%、6.26%。研究结果可以为新型生物有机肥的开发提供理论依据。In order to investigate the impact of Trichoderma-enriched bio-organic fertilizer on the yield,quality and soil nutrient availability in tomatoes cultivated in costal saline soil,the salt tolerance and mycelial morphology of two Trichoderma spp.were examined using plate growth.A field experiment was conducted in Ningbo coastal saline soil,with five treatment groups:no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer at a rate of 2200 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1)),bio-organic fertilizer at a rate of 9 t/hm^(2)(T_(2)),bio-organic fertilizer at a rate of 18 t/hm^(2)(T_(3)),and bioorganic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer at rates of 6 t/hm^(2)+1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(4)),respectively.The bioorganic fertilizer was prepared using T.asperellum W1 strain.Lab experiment indicated that T.asperellum W1exhibited superior growth ability compared to Trichoderma LX-132,thus validating its suitability for further testing.Based on phylogenetic tree analysis and mycelial morphology,W1 was provisionally identified as T.asperellum.Field experiment demonstrated that the application of bio-organic fertilizer resulted in higher organic matter content compared to non-bio-organic fertilizer treatments.Specifically,T_(3showed) an increase in organic matter content by 16.5% and 10.7% when compared with CK and T_(1),respectively.The bio-organic fertilizer treatment also led to improved quality and higher yields,with T_(3having) the highest Vc content and sugar-acid ratio.These values increased by 5.39% and 6.18% compared to CK,and by 2.35% and 4.71%compared to T_(1),respectively.The combination of bio-organic and chemical fertilizer(T_(4)) exhibited the most significant yield-increasing effect,with T_(4)showing an increase of 117% and 6.26% compared to CK and T_(1),respectively.The results of this research provide technical support and a theoretical foundation for the development of new bio-organic fertilizers.

关 键 词：盐碱地 生物有机肥 木霉菌 棘孢木霉 耐盐性 土壤养分 番茄 品质 

分 类 号：S144.9[农业科学—肥料学]