越西县苹果黑星病菌鉴定、生物学特性及田间防效研究  

Identification,Biological Characteristics and Field Control Efficacy of Venturia inaequalis in Yuexi County

作　　者：张海婷 叶建蓉 许秉智 曾铄程 符慧娟 李星月[1] 李其勇[1] 张鸿[1] 易军 ZHANG Haiting;YE Jianrong;XU Bingzhi;ZENG Shuocheng;FU Huijuan;LI Xingyue;LI Qiyong;ZHANG Hong;YI Jun(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610066;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yuexi County,Liangshan,Sichuan 616650)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,成都610066 [2]越西县农业农村局,四川凉山616650

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第7期115-120,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“四川大凉山地区特色种植业绿色增产增效技术集成与示范”(2022YFD1100200)。

摘　　要：为明确越西县苹果黑星病病原菌的种类、生物学特性及防治药剂,通过分子生物学和形态学特征进行分析,结合不同培养基、pH、碳源及氮源等对苹果黑星病菌生物学特性进行研究,并以5种常用杀菌剂进行田间防效研究。研究表明,引起越西县苹果黑星病的病原菌为Venturia inaequalis。病菌的最佳培养基为麦麸皮琼脂培养基,最佳pH 7~8,最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨。田间防治效果表明,5种杀菌剂均能有效防治苹果黑星病,其中20%氟唑菌酰羟胺防治效果最好,防效为89.54%,防治效果依次是20%氟唑菌酰羟胺SC>20%氟酰羟·苯甲唑SC>40%氟硅唑EC>50%醚菌酯WG>36%甲基硫菌灵SC,20%氟唑菌酰羟胺、20%氟酰羟·苯甲唑、40%氟硅唑3种药剂可作为苹果黑星病田间防治参考用药。In order to clarify the species,biological characteristics,and the control agents of the pathogen of apple scab in Yuexi County,the pathogen was identified and analyzed based on the molecular biology and morphological characteristics,and the biological characteristics of pathogen were studied in different culture medium,pH,carbon source and nitrogen source.The field control effects of 5 common fungicides were studied.The results showed that the pathogen causing apple scab in Yuexi County was identified as Venturia inaequalis.The optimum culture medium was wheat bran agar medium,the optimum pH was 7-8,the optimum carbon source was glucose,and the optimum nitrogen source was peptone.The field control results showed that the five fungicides could effectively control apple scab,and the control effect of 20%pydiflumetofen was the best,with the control effect was 89.54%.The order of the control effect was 20%pydiflumetofen SC> 20% pydiflumetofen · difenoconazole SC> 40% flusilazole EC> 50% kresoxim-methyl WG> 36% thiophanate-methyl SC.The above results showed that 20% pydiflumetofen,20%pydiflumetofen ·difenoconazole and 40% fluosilazole can be applied as reference pesticides for controlling V.inaequalis in field.

关 键 词：越西县 苹果黑星病 鉴定 生物学特性 田间防治 防治效果 杀菌剂 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]