秸秆预处理促进厌氧干发酵产沼气的研究进展  

Research Progress on Straw Pretreatment in Anaerobic Dry Fermentation for Biogas Production

作　　者：王奥林 张鸿琼[2] 孟利[1,3] WANG Aolin;ZHANG Hongqiong;MENG Li(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Higher Education Institutions of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150080;College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030;Heilongjiang Boneng Green Energy Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省普通高等学校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江博能绿色能源科技集团股份有限公司,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第8期76-82,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目“生物炭介导酶-菌干发酵工艺开发及评价”(2022ZXJ05C01-03-03)。

摘　　要：中国农作物秸秆资源丰富,厌氧干发酵生产沼气是其高效利用的重要途径。然而,由于秸秆的木质纤维素结构致密,限制了其水解酸化及厌氧菌的降解效率。本研究系统阐述了厌氧干发酵机制,并总结了多种预处理方法对提高秸秆厌氧干发酵产沼气效率的影响,包括物理、化学、生物和联合预处理技术。通过文献综述得出的结论表明,不同预处理方法各有优缺点,单一方法难以完全满足高效、低成本的要求。本研究在阐述厌氧干发酵机制的基础上,从优化现有工艺、提升预处理效率、降低预处理成本等方面对未来的研究方向提出了建议并对秸秆预处理技术进行了展望。研究为实现秸秆资源的高效利用和可持续发展提供了思路。Abundant crop straw production in our country makes anaerobic dry fermentation for biogas production an important way to utilize crop straw resources.However,the dense structure of lignocellulose in straw limits the hydrolysis and acidification of straw,making it difficult for anaerobic bacteria to degrade straw and produce biogas.Currently,pretreatment of straw is considered to be an effective way to enhance the rate of anaerobic digestion and improve biogas yield.The text elaborates on the mechanism of anaerobic dry fermentation,and reviews the common pretreatment methods that can increase the efficiency of biogas production in straw anaerobic dry fermentation,including physical,chemical,biological,and combined pretreatment methods,and provides a perspective on the technology of straw pretreatment.

关 键 词：秸秆 预处理 厌氧干发酵 沼气 木质纤维素 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]