强挤压碎裂围岩隧道掌子面失稳机制与控制措施  

Instability Mechanism and Control Measures of Tunnel Face in Strong Compressive and Fragmented Rock Mass

作　　者：符亚鹏 FU Yapeng(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling,Xi’an 710043,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710043,China;Shaanxi Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory(FSDI),Xi’an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室,西安710043 [2]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [3]陕西省铁道及地下交通工程重点实验室(中铁一院),西安710043

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2025年第3期79-86,共8页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司科技重大专项(2024-W24);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研发计划(K2020G034)。

摘　　要：以西宁—成都铁路隧道穿越强挤压碎裂围岩而引发围岩大变形问题为研究背景,基于区域地质调查结果,采用离散元-有限元耦合模拟方法,研究了强挤压碎裂围岩隧道灾害发生机制与有效控制措施。结果表明:水平构造应力为主的地应力环境与强风化地层的低强度应力比是隧道产生水平挤压大变形的内因。隧道结构变形以水平变形与仰拱隆起为主,掌子面受围岩变形卸荷作用,力链与黏结能力下降使得掌子面土体难以自稳而溜坍。交叉中隔壁法+加强初期支护+超前小导管注浆+洞周径向注浆的主被动结合的控制措施可以有效抵抗水平挤压作用,可将隧道沉降变形降低37.3%,水平收敛变形降低58.5%,并且有效控制掌子面溜坍规模。Taking the large deformation tunnel in strong compressive and fragmented rock mass of Xining-Chengdu railway as the background,based on the regional geological survey results,the Finite Element Analysis-Discrete Element Analysis coupling simulation method was used to discuss the disaster occurrence mechanism and effective control measures of the tunnel with strong squeezing and cataclastic surrounding rock.The results show that the in-situ stress environment dominated by horizontal tectonic stress and the low strength stress ratio of strongly weathered strata are the internal causes of the large horizontal extrusion deformation of the tunnel.The tunnel structure is dominated by horizontal deformation and inverted arch uplift.The soil on the tunnel face is subjected to deformation and unloading.The decrease of force chain and bonding capacity makes it difficult for the soil on the tunnel face to maintain selfstability and form slump.The control measures of active and passive combination of CRD(Cross Diaphragm)method+strengthening primary support+advanced small pipe grouting+radial grouting around the tunnel can effectively resist the horizontal extrusion effect,which can reduce the settlement deformation of the tunnel by 37.3%,the horizontal convergence deformation by 58.5%,and effectively control the collapse scale of the tunnel face.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 控制措施 数值模拟 强挤压碎裂围岩 变形特征 掌子面失稳 

分 类 号：U452.27[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]