CO-SCR催化剂及反应机理研究进展  

Advances in CO-SCR Catalysts and Reaction Mechanisms

作　　者：韩栋 李昊 翁小乐[2] 李国波 彭洪根[1] HAN Dong;LI Hao;WENG Xiaole;LI Guobo;PENG Honggen(School of Resources and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;College of Environmental&Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源与环境学院,江西南昌330031 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2025年第2期29-43,共15页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家资助项目(2023YFA1508400);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(22276086);移动源污染排放控制技术国家工程实验室开放基金资助项目(NELMS2019A12)。

摘　　要：面对日益严格的NO_(x)治理要求以及NH_(3)-SCR技术存在的明显弊端,CO-SCR技术利用钢铁冶金、废物焚烧等工业烟气中富含的CO作为还原剂,选择性催化还原NO_(x),在协同治理NO_(x)和CO的同时,实现“以废治废”,有效应对二次污染和高成本等问题,具有极大的环保价值和经济效益。目前,CO-SCR技术在能源环保领域已引起广泛关注,但大多数研究仅限于催化剂性能结构的优化,尚未明晰各种工况下的反应机理,因此亟待开发出适用于实际工业应用的高效催化剂。CO-SCR领域的催化剂发展主要集中在降低传统贵金属用量并提高NO_(x)和CO的共同脱除效率。通过掺杂Cu、Mn、Fe等过渡元素引发金属间协同效应,或者选择合适的载体和结构体系均能起到积极的作用。此外,在实际应用过程中,催化剂能否在复杂环境下保持高活性也是一个关键问题,诸如富氧、H_(2)O、SO_(2)、碱金属中毒等因素都会对催化效果产生重大影响,因此通过模拟工业烟气实况,借助原位测试等表征手段,探明催化剂失活过程对于抗中毒研究至关重要。分析了CO-SCR的基本反应过程和实际应用中面临的挑战,并对当前研究热点的3种类型催化剂的性能优势及创制方法进行了详细总结。同时,分析了不同反应条件下催化剂的反应机制和中毒改良方式,并展望了CO-SCR催化剂的发展方向,相关研究可以为开发性能更优的工业协同脱除催化剂提供理论指导。Driven by increasingly stringent nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))control requirements,and the limitations of NH_(3)-selective catalytic reduction(NH_(3)-SCR)technology,CO-selective catalytic reduction(CO-SCR)technology is attracting considerable attention.This technology utilizes the carbon monoxide(CO),naturally present in industrial flue gas from processes like ferrous metallurgy and waste incineration,as a reducing agent.It selectively reduces NO_(x),simultaneously removing both NO_(x)and CO,thereby addressing secondary pollution and high costs while achieving waste utilization for pollution control.This approach offers substantial environmental and economic benefits.Currently,research on CO-SCR technology is receiving considerable attention in the fields of energy conservation and environmental protection.However,research primarily focuses on optimizing catalyst performance and structure,while the underlying reaction mechanisms in diverse environments remain unclear.Overall,the technology is in its early stages and requires the development of efficient catalysts tailored for industrial applications.The development of catalysts for CO-SCR primarily focuses on reducing the use of precious metals while enhancing the simultaneous removal of NO_(x)and CO.Synergistic effects can be achieved through methods such as doping with transitional metals like copper(Cu),manganese(Mn),and iron(Fe),or by selecting suitable carriers and innovative structural designs.Furthermore,maintaining high activity in complex environments is critical for practical applications.Factors such as oxygen-rich conditions,water vapor(H_(2)O),sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)),and alkali metal poisoning can significantly affect catalytic performance.Investigating the deactivation process through simulations of industrial flue gas and in situ characterization techniques is crucial for understanding catalyst resistance to poisoning.This review elucidates the fundamental reaction processes of CO-SCR and the challenges of its practical application.It provides a detailed

关 键 词：氮氧化物 协同脱除 选择性催化还原 CO-SCR催化剂 中毒机制 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X701