表面活性剂增溶典型疏水性有机污染物性能评价  

Evaluation of typical hydrophobic organic pollutant solubility enhancement by surfactants

作　　者：朱柏伟 石佳月 刘世宾 ZHU Bowei;SHI Jiayue;LIU Shibin(State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,610059,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学生态环境学院,成都610059

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第3期831-842,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1808300);四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0135)资助.

摘　　要：水溶性低是限制疏水性有机污染物修复的主要因素之一.表面活性剂常用于增强其水溶性,但表面活性剂筛选与综合评价仍不完善.本文选取10种表面活性剂,综合评价了其对菲、氯苯、正十六烷的增溶性能及无机盐、助剂的影响.结果表明,皂素对菲的增溶效果最佳,添加1 mg·L^(-1) NaCl或0.5 mol·L^(-1)1,2-丙二醇的强化效果最显著(+1282%).吐温80对氯苯的增溶效果最佳,1 mg·L^(-1) NaCl强化吐温80对氯苯的增溶效果最强,达到了3.33倍,而1,2-丙二醇却起到了抑制作用,表明二者形成的微乳体系产生了拮抗作用.鼠李糖脂对正十六烷具有最佳增溶性能,且0.1 mol·L^(-1)1,2-丙二醇强化鼠李糖脂增溶正十六烷的效果最明显,约为15.65倍,而NaCl却产生抑制作用.通过综合评价,确定了增溶典型疏水性有机污染物的最优表面活性剂,为其绿色高效疏水性有机污染物去除方法的构建提供了理论和技术支撑.Low water solubility is one of the main limiting factors for the remediation of hydrophobic organic pollutants.Surfactants are widely used to enhance their water solubility,yet the screening and comprehensive evaluation of proper surfactants still require further investigation.In the present study,10 surfactants were selected,and their solubilization performance on phenanthrene,chlorobenzene,and n-hexadecane,as well as the influence of inorganic salts and additives,was comprehensively evaluated.Results showed that Saponin had the best solubilization effect on phenanthrene,and the addition of 1 mg·L^(-1) NaCl or 0.5 mol·L^(-1)1,2-propanediol had the most significant enhancing efficiency(+1282%).Tween 80 had the optimal solubilization effect on chlorobenzene.1 mg·L^(-1) NaCl increased the solubilizing efficiency of Tween 80 by approximately 3.33 times,while 1,2-propanediol had an inhibitory effect,indicating an antagonistic effect.Rhamnolipids had the best solubilization performance on n-hexadecane,and the enhancing effect of 0.1 mol·L^(-1)1,2-propanediol on solubilization of n-hexadecane was the greatest,increasing it by 15.65 times,while NaCl had an inhibitory effect.In conclusion,the optimal surfactants for solubilizing typical hydrophobic organic pollutants were determined,The findings provide theoretical and technical support for the development of green and efficient methods for the removal of hydrophobic organic pollutants.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 增溶作用 菲 氯苯 正十六烷. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]