清洁空气区域海口冬季O_(3)和PM_(2.5)协同污染成因分析  

Analysis of the causes of winter O_(3) and PM_(2.5)co-pollution in the clean air region

作　　者：王名斌 李宇笑 尤子昇 倪远喆 罗笠 WANG Mingbin;LI Yuxiao;YOU Zisheng;NI Yuanzhe;LUO Li(School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;School of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,266100,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;College of Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境科学与工程学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学生态学院,海口570228 [3]海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海口570228 [4]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100 [5]海南大学海洋科学与技术协同创新中心,海口570228 [6]海南大学海洋科学与工程学院,海口570228

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第3期890-902,共13页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ095);国家自然科学基金(42263001);海南大学协同创新中心基金(XTVC2022HYB06)资助.

摘　　要：海口市在全国168个重点城市中空气质量常居首位,为典型的清洁空气区域.但是,2023年12月31日海口发生了大气复合污染事件,臭氧(O_(3))的日最大8 h平均浓度值为196.96μg·m^(−3),PM_(2.5)日均浓度为47.29μg·m^(−3),分别超过世界卫生组织制定的污染标准限值.为探明此次O_(3)和PM_(2.5)协同污染事件的成因,本研究开展了小时尺度的在线污染物观测和受体模型分析.结果表明:污染日降低的风速、增强的太阳辐射以及增高的氮氧化物(NO_(x))和挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)浓度是导致O_(3)和PM_(2.5)浓度同时增加的主要原因.臭氧生成潜势(OFP)分析显示,含氧挥发性有机污染物(含氧VOCs)是本次污染事件中O_(3)生成的主要贡献者.EKMA(empirical kinetics modeling approach)曲线揭示此次O_(3)污染主要受到氮氧化物(NO_(x))浓度的控制.而对于PM_(2.5)污染,SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(−)和NH_(4)^(+)(SNA)为其最关键的组分(占PM_(2.5)的65.8%),氮氧化率(NOR)在污染日出现峰值表示大气氧化程度较高.本研究结果表明,改善空气质量需重视对VOCs和NO_(x)排放控制.Haikou ranks first in air quality among 168 key cities in China and is a typical clean air region.However,on December 31,2023,a case of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)combined pollution event occurred,with the maximum daily 8-hour average concentration of ozone(O_(3))reaching 196.96μg·m^(−3)and the daily average concentration of PM_(2.5)was 47.29μg·m^(−3),both exceeded the pollution standard limits set by the World Health Organization.To investigate the causes of the O_(3)and PM_(2.5)co-pollution event,the hour-scale online pollutant observation and receptor model analysis were carried out.The results showed that the decreased wind speed,enhanced solar radiation,and increased concentrations of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were the main drivers for the simultaneous increase of O_(3)and PM_(2.5)concentrations.The analysis of Ozone Formation Potential(OFP)revealed that oxygenated volatile organic compounds were the main contributors to O_(3)production in this pollution case.The EKMA(Empirical Kinetics Modeling Approach)curve results showed that O_(3)pollution was mainly controlled by NO_(x)concentrations.The SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(−),and NH_(4)^(+)(SNA)contribute 65.76%PM_(2.5)composition,were the most abundant components.The highest nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR)occurred during the pollution day,indicating the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity.Our findings suggested that improving air quality requires prioritizing the control of VOCs and NO_(x)emissions in Haikou.

关 键 词：冬季污染 O_(3) VOCS PM_(2.5) 水溶性离子 海口市. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]