基于土壤-人体系统的城市用地重金属污染和健康风险评价:以北京城市副中心为例  

Heavy metal pollution assessment and health risk assessment of urban land based on soil-body system:A case study of Beijing Municipal Administrative Center

作　　者：邓凯文 安永龙 黄勇 韩冰 李迪 王宇辰 DENG Kaiwen;AN Yonglong;HUANG Yong;HAN Bing;LI Di;WANG Yuchen(Beijing Institute of Ecological Geology,Beijing,100120,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市生态地质研究所,北京100120

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第3期1119-1132,共14页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：北京市财政局项目(11000022T000000439575)资助.

摘　　要：为摸底北京城市副中心城市用地土壤中重金属的污染状况及其对人体健康的潜在风险,本次研究对地表(0—20 cm)的土壤样本(共计107件)进行了分析与评价.结果显示:该区域土壤环境的整体品质,数据指示其处于相对安全的状态.具体来看,总潜在生态风险指数(RI)的超标比例在25.23%左右,其中,Hg和Cd是主要的生态危害元素,它们与人类活动紧密相关;富集因子(EF)的平均值低于2,元素富集程度从低到高排列为:Cr、As、Ni、Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb、Hg,超过75.70%的样品处于无—弱富集等级;对于土壤重金属对儿童与成人的健康风险,99.07%以上的样本都在可接受的范围内,但仍有1件样本对儿童和成人构成了轻微的非致癌健康风险,土壤中的As、Cr和Pb等3种重金属是影响人体健康的主要因子.In order to map out the contamination status of heavy metals in the soil of the urban land of Beijing Municipal Administrative Center and their potential risk to human health,soil samples(A total of 107 pieces)from the surface(0—20 cm)were analysed and evaluated in this study.The results show that the overall quality of the soil environment in the region is in a relatively safe condition as indicated by the data.Specifically,the percentage of exceedance of the total potential ecological risk index(RI)is around 25.23%,of which Hg and Cd are the main ecological hazardous elements,which are closely related to human activities;The average value of enrichment factor(EF)was lower than 2,and the degree of elemental enrichment was ranked from low to high as follows:Cr,As,Ni,Cu,Cd,Zn,Pb,Hg,and more than 75.70%of the samples were in the class of no—weak enrichment;For the health risk of soil heavy metals to children and adults,more than 99.07%of the samples were within acceptable limits,but there was still one sample that posed a slight noncarcinogenic health risk to children and adults,and three heavy metals in soil,As,Cr and Pb,were the main factors affecting human health.

关 键 词：北京城市副中心 土壤重金属 生态风险 健康风险 评价. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]