水位、水量、产量联控的华北平原地下水超采区节水灌溉多目标优化  

Multi-objective optimization of water-saving irrigation in groundwater over-exploitation area of the North China Plain under joint control of water level,water volume,and crop yield

作　　者：井淼 张江江 刘瑾[1] 杨思敏 谢一凡 孙梦雅[1] 鲁春辉 JING Miao;ZHANG Jiangjiang;LIU Jin;YANG Simin;XIE Yifan;SUN Mengya;LU Chunhui(School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]河海大学长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏南京210098 [4]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [5]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水资源保护》2025年第2期184-192,共9页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200500);国家自然科学基金项目(52109012)。

摘　　要：为探索地下水位、灌溉水量、作物产量联控下华北平原农作物节水灌溉方案,通过耦合基于FloPy的地下水数值模型、作物需水模型和NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化模型,研发了水位、水量、产量联控的节水灌溉多目标优化模拟框架irrigmoo。以华北平原中东部的沧州市作为研究区,通过收集实地资料,进行了地下水数值模型校正、作物需水模型构建以及NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化模型配置,获得了限水灌溉条件下灌溉方案的帕累托非劣解集,并优选了代表性的地下水压采和水源置换方案。结果表明:若将灌溉用水中地下水的比例压减42.13%,并将15.28%的地下水置换为替代水源,可实现深层地下水位回升2.36 m,灌溉水量减少26.86%,冬小麦产量下降3.94%;若禁止开采地下水用于灌溉,且将现状开采量的37%置换为替代水源,有望实现深层地下水位回升8.95 m,灌溉水量减少62.87%,冬小麦减产12.70%,且产量仍在约束范围内。To explore water-saving irrigation strategies for crops in the North China Plain under the joint control of groundwater level,irrigation water use,and crop yield,a multi-objective optimization simulation framework for water-saving irrigation,named irrigmoo,was developed.This framework integrates a groundwater numerical model based on FloPy,a crop water requirement model,and the NSGA-Ⅱmulti-objective optimization model.Using Cangzhou City in the central-eastern part of the North China Plain as the study area,field data were collected to calibrate the groundwater numerical model,construct the crop water requirement model,and configure the NSGA-Ⅱmulti-objective optimization model.A set of Pareto non-dominated solutions for irrigation schemes under limited water conditions was obtained,and representative groundwater extraction reduction and alternative water source substitution schemes were selected.The results indicate that reducing the proportion of groundwater in irrigation water by 42.13% and replacing 15.28% of groundwater with alternative water sources could lead to a 2.36 m rise in deep groundwater levels,a 26.86% reduction in irrigation water use,and a 3.94% decrease in winter wheat yield.If groundwater extraction for irrigation is completely banned and 37% of the current extraction is replaced with alternative water sources,the deep groundwater level could rise by 8.95 m,irrigation water use could be reduced by 62.87%,and winter wheat yield would be decreased by 12.7%,while still remaining within yield constraints.

关 键 词：限水灌溉 地下水超采 地下水位 地下水数值模型 多目标优化 粮食产量 华北平原 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]