安全性分析在民用飞机货舱烟雾探测系统设计中的应用  

Application of safety analysis in the design of smoke detection system

作　　者：李一德 LI Yide(Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《民用飞机设计与研究》2025年第1期119-123,共5页Civil Aircraft Design & Research

摘　　要：民用飞机货舱烟雾探测系统为飞机安全保障系统,主要功能是通过传感器或烟雾探测器等设备对飞机货舱区域可能出现的烟雾或火情状况进行探测,向飞行机组提供告警。安全性分析可用于评估民用飞机烟雾探测系统架构设计的完整性和正确性,确保系统在研制过程中能够达到所期望的安全性水平,确定系统的安全性设计是否符合中国民用航空规章第25部(CCAR-25-R4)第1309条的要求。根据SAE ARP4761中提出的安全性分析方法,通过系统功能危险性评估对货舱烟雾探测系统失效状态进行影响分析。通过初步系统安全性评估确定系统应采用双通道冗余设计的架构。通过故障树分析和故障模式与影响分析确保失效状态发生的概率满足系统设计需求,为后续民用飞机主防火系统安全性设计提供参考。The civil aircraft cargo compartment smoke detection system is an aircraft security system.Its main func⁃tion is to detect the possible smoke or fire conditions in the aircraft cargo compartment area through sensors or smoke detectors and other equipment,and provide alarms to the flight crew.The safety analysis can be used to evaluate the integrity and correctness of the civil aircraft smoke detection system architecture design,ensure that the system can achieve the desired safety level in the development process,and determine that the safety design of the system meets the requirements of article 1309 of Part 25 of the Chinese civil aviation regulations(CCAR-25-R4).According to the safety analysis method proposed in SAE ARP4761,the influence of the failure state of the cargo smoke detection system is analyzed through the system function risk assessment.Through the preliminary sys⁃tem safety assessment,it is determined that the system should adopt the architecture of dual channel redundancy design.Through fault tree analysis and failure mode and effect analysis,the probability of failure state can meet the system design requirements.It provides a reference for the safety design of the main fire protection system of subsequent civil aircraft.

关 键 词：民用飞机 货舱 安全性 烟雾探测 

分 类 号：V223.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]