生防细菌对人参连作土壤性质及细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of Biocontrol Bacteria on Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Structure of Ginseng Continuous Cropping

作　　者：王二刚 吕朋元 周一 战宇 何贵祥 王丽翔 苗馨月 陈长宝 李琼 WANG Ergang;LYU Pengyuan;ZHOU Yi;ZHAN Yu;HE Guixiang;WANG Lixiang;MIAO Xinyue;CHEN Changbao;LI Qiong(Jilin Ginseng Academy,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China;School of Pharmaceutical Scienses,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China)

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学吉林省人参科学研究院,长春130117 [2]长春中医药大学药学院,长春130117

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》2025年第4期140-148,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82204558);吉林省自然科学基金项目(YDZJ202101ZYTS015)。

摘　　要：为探究生防细菌对人参连作土壤微生态的影响,在田间进行生防细菌处理试验。采用化学分析及高通量测序技术研究土壤理化性质、酶活性和细菌群落的变化。结果表明,施用生防细菌后,土壤电导率显著降低;土壤pH、有机质、水解氮和速效磷含量及土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性显著提高,其中土壤有机质含量增加9.00%;土壤蔗糖酶活性增加19.42%。细菌分类学分析将土壤细菌群落划分为39门、124纲、279目、424科、774属,生防细菌处理显著提高了土壤细菌的ACE指数和Chao指数。相关性分析表明,土壤pH、有机质、水解氮、蔗糖酶、脲酶与节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)呈显著正相关,与慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、小月菌属(Microlunatus)呈显著负相关;土壤速效磷含量与Candidatus_Xiphinematobacter、RB41呈显著正相关,与Candidatus_Udaeobacter、节杆菌属呈显著负相关;土壤酸性磷酸酶与分支杆菌属(Mycobacterium)呈显著负相关。综上所述,生防细菌刺激了土壤有益微生物的生长和繁殖,提高了人参连作土壤的肥力和土壤酶活性,改善了土壤营养状况,因此生防细菌有望成为修复退化土壤的有效途径。In order to investigate the effect of biocontrol bacterial on the microecology of ginseng continuous cropping soil,a biocontrol bacterial treatment experiment was conducted in the field.Chemical analysis and high-throughput sequencing technology were used to study the changes in soil physicochemical properties,soil enzyme activities,and bacterial community.The results showed that the application of biocontrol bacteria significantly decreased soil electric conductivity,and increased soil pH,the contents of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and the activities of soil urease,soil sucrase,and soil acid phosphatase,with an increase of 9.00%in soil organic matter content and an increase of 19.42%in soil sucrase activity.Bacterial taxonomy analysis divided soil bacterial communities into 39 phyla,124 classes,279 orders,424 families,and 774 genera.Biocontrol bacteria significantly increased the ACE index and Chao index of soil bacteria.Correlation analysis showed that pH,organic matter,available nitrogen,sucrase,urease were significantly positively correlated with Arthrobacter,and significantly negatively correlated with Bradyrhizobium and Microlunatus;available phosphorus content was significantly positively correlated with Candidatus_Xiphinemabacter,RB41,and significantly negatively correlated with Candidatus_Udaeobacter,Arthrobacter;and there was significantly negative correlation between acid phosphatase and Mycobacterium.In summary,biocontrol bacteria stimulated the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in soil,increased the fertility and enzyme activity of the soil,and improved the soil nutritional status.Therefore,biocontrol bacteria should be expected to become an effective way to repair degraded soil.

关 键 词：生防细菌 人参 理化性质 酶活性 细菌结构 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]