炭基猪粪肥对叶用甘薯产量及土壤Pb、Cd钝化效果的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Organic Pig Manure Fertilizer Combined with Biochar on Pb、Cd Passivation of Leaf Sweet Potato and Soil

作　　者：刘岑薇 叶菁[1,2] 林怡[1,2] 李艳春[1,2] 王义祥[1,2] LIU Cenwei;YE Jing;LIN Yi;LI Yanchun;WANG Yixiang(Institute of Resources,Environment and Soil Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,China;Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Hilly Red Soil,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院资源环境与土壤肥料研究所,福州350003 [2]福建省农业科学院,福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室,福州350003

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》2025年第4期169-178,共10页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所科研专项(2023R1062);福建省农科院协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021010)。

摘　　要：为减轻长期施用猪粪有机肥导致的土壤重金属污染,长期定位试验设置3个有机肥替代化肥的梯度处理,即替代化肥总养分的25%(L)、50%(M)、100%(H),同时设4个生物炭梯度处理,即添加0%(B_(0))、3%(B_(1))、6%(B2)、9%(B_(3))生物炭,研究有机肥与生物炭配施对叶用甘薯产量、土壤镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)含量及Pb不同形态变化的影响。结果表明,猪粪有机肥和生物炭施用比例对叶用甘薯产量及土壤Pb含量存在显著性交互作用(P<0.05)。L、H用量有机肥处理下,B_(3)处理的叶用甘薯产量最高;B_(1)H和B_(3)L处理分别显著降低叶用甘薯Pb累积含量31.5%和37.6%。M用量有机肥处理中,随着生物炭添加量的增加,叶用甘薯Cd累积含量降低。生物炭配施可促进土壤Pb由生物有效性高的弱酸提取态、可还原态向低生物有效性的可氧化态和残渣态转化。以上结果表明,有机肥与生物炭合理配施可增加叶用甘薯产量,降低长期施用有机肥带来的重金属污染问题,提高土壤质量。In order to relieve the heavy metal pollution of soil caused by prolonged utilization of organic pig manure fertilizer in vegetable cultivation,a long-term positioning experiment was used to investigate the impact of biochar combined with pig manure organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the accumulation of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in both soil and plant biomass,as well as alternations in the speciation of Pb ions within the soil matrix.3 gradients of organic fertilizer treatments including 25%(L),50%(M)and 100%(H),and 4 biochar treatments including 0%(B_(0)),3%(B_(1)),6%(B2),9%(B_(3))were designed.The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the organic fertilizer application rate and the proportion of biochar in relation to leaf sweet potato yield and soil Pb content(P<0.05).The treatments with L and H amount of organic fertilizer with B_(3) biochar had the highest yield of leaf sweet potato.The B_(1)H and B_(3)L treatments significantly decreased the cumulative Pb content of leaf sweet potato with 31.5%and 37.6%.With the increase of biochar amount,the M treatment decreased the cumulative Cd content of leaf sweet potato.Combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar induced a shift in the chemical forms of Pb within the soil,promoting the transformation of Pb from an acid-extraction and reducible state,which as high bioavailability,to an oxidizable and residue state with reduced bioavailability.In conclusion,combined application of organic fertilizer and biochar could increase the yield of leaf sweet potato,reduce the heavy metal pollution caused by long-term application of organic fertilizer,and improve the soil quality.

关 键 词：农业废弃物 畜禽粪便 重金属形态 土壤修复 金属钝化 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]