微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥对百合生长和光合特性的影响  

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer and Humic Acid Compound Fertilizer on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Lilium

作　　者：吴小丹 高丽 巩天耕 孔祥凤 姜雨舟 贾桂霞 WU Xiaodan;GAO Li;GONG Tiangeng;KONG Xiangfeng;JIANG Yuzhou;JIA Guixia(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Green Garden Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100067,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京花乡花木集团有限公司,北京100067

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》2025年第4期221-229,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家林草局科技成果推广项目(〔2019〕05);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000400)。

摘　　要：为探索微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥对百合生长、光合特性及鳞茎品质的影响,并筛选适宜的施肥用量,以百合组培苗为材料,通过田间微区试验,设置8种处理,包括腐植酸复合肥10(F-1)、30(F-2)、50 g·m^(-2)(F-3),微生物菌肥30(J-1)、60(J-2)、90 g·m^(-2)(J-3),腐植酸复合肥30 g·m^(-2)+微生物菌肥30 g·m^(-2)(H)和清水对照(CK),对比分析不同处理对百合植株生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥不同程度地促进了百合地上和地下部分的生长发育,其中H处理显著增加了百合小鳞茎的周径、鲜重、根长、须根数和抽茎后植株的茎粗,分别是CK的1.76、3.78、1.61、1.85和1.58倍;施用微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥可显著提高百合叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate,Pn),其中,H处理的叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量最高,分别是CK的2.31和2.64倍,J-2和J-3处理的Pn最大,分别较CK高148.72%、172.96%;微生物菌肥处理的气孔导度(stomatal conductance,G_(s))、蒸腾速率(transpiration rate,T_(r))和水分利用率(water use efficiency,WUE)显著高于CK,而胞间CO_(2)浓度(intercellular CO_(2) concentration,C_(i))显著降低,其中,J-2处理的G_(s)和T_(r)最高,分别较CK高50.00%和65.47%。施加微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥可有效提高百合鳞茎的蔗糖、淀粉和可溶性蛋白质含量,其中,F-3处理的蔗糖和蛋白质含量最高,J-3处理的淀粉含量最高,分别较CK增加17.97%、15.41%和9.20%。通过主成分分析和隶属函数得出,H处理下百合各指标的综合评价最好。综上所述,微生物菌肥和腐植酸复合肥可有效促进百合的生长发育和光合速率,提高鳞茎的产量和品质,二者配施对百合的生长效果最佳。研究结果为百合种球培育的施肥方法提供了理论依据和技术支撑。In order to explore the effects of microbial fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,and bulb quality of Lilium,and to determine suitable fertilization amounts,a field micro-plot experiment was conducted using Lilium tissue-cultured seedlings.8 treatments were set up,including humic acid compound fertilizer at 10(F-1),30(F-2),50 g·m^(-2)(F-3),microbial fertilizer at 30(J-1),60(J-2),90 g·m^(-2)(J-3),humic acid compound fertilizer 30 g·m^(-2)+microbial fertilizer 30 g·m^(-2)(H),and a water control(CK).The effects of different treatments on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Lilium plants were compared and analyzed.The results showed that,compared with CK,the application of microbial fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer promoted the growth and development of both the aboveground and underground parts of Lilium to varying degrees.Among them,the H treatment significantly increased the circumference,fresh weight,root length,number of lateral roots and stem thickness of Lilium bulbs,which were 1.76,3.78,1.61,1.85 and 1.58 times that of CK,respectively.The application of microbial fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer significantly increased the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of Lilium,with the H treatment having the highest chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents,which were 2.31 and 2.64 times that of CK,respectively,and the Pn of J-2 and J-3 treatments being the highest,148.72%and 172.96%higher than that of CK.The stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(T_(r))and water use efficiency(WUE)of the microbial fertilizer-treated plants were significantly increased compared to CK,while the intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i))was significantly reduced,with the G_(s) and T_(r) of J-2 treatment being the highest,50.00%and 65.47%higher than that of CK.The application of microbial fertilizer and humic acid compound fertilizer effectively increased the sucrose,starch,and soluble protein contents of Lilium bulbs,wit

关 键 词：百合 微生物菌肥 腐植酸复合肥 鳞茎生长 光合特性 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]