太平洋战争之前与第一阶段日本军事战略问题初探  

Preliminary Exploration of Japanese Military Strategy before and during the First Stage of the Pacific War

作　　者：屈伯文 Qu Bowen

机构地区：[1]池州学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2025年第1期200-210,295,296,共13页The World History Review

基　　金：池州学院2022年度新进博士科研启动项目“全球视野下近代早期军事革命若干前沿问题研究”(项目编号:CZ2022YJRC01);安徽省2024年高校“三全育人”综合改革和思想政治能力提升计划项目“四个自信有机融入国防教育思政课的现实问题与解决路径研究”(项目编号:sztsjh—2024—14—26)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：太平洋战争是第二次世界大战的重要组成部分。战争伊始,日本利用空袭行动的突发性,重创珍珠港的美国海军舰队基地。然而,战术、战役的成功并不代表战略的优胜。考察太平洋战争之前与第一阶段的日本军事战略,可知日本并未在国家层面制定完整、正式的战争计划或军事战略。毋宁说,指导日军作战的是带有历史惯性的陆海军年度作战计划。在日本高级将领中,海军大将山本五十六具备一定的独立思考能力,也有属于其本人的海军作战计划,但更多带有不成熟性、冒险性,因此也难言真正意义上的“战略”。缺乏这样的战略是日本在太平洋战争中注定失败的一个重要因由。The Pacific War was an important part of World War II.At the beginning of the war,Japan took advantage of the suddenness of its air raids to severely damage the US Navy fleet base at Pearl Harbor.However,the success of tactics and campaigns does not necessarily mean the superiority of strategy.By examining Japan’s military strategy before and during the first stage of the Pacific War,it can be seen that Japan did not develop a complete and formal war plan or strategy at the national level.Rather,the annual operational plans of the army and navy with historical inertia guided the Japanese army’s operations.Among the senior Japanese generals,Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto possessed a certain degree of independent thinking and also had his own naval combat plans.But it is more immature and adventurous,so it is difficult to truly call it a“strategy”.The lack of such a strategy was an important reason for Japan’s inevitable failure in the Pacific War.

关 键 词：太平洋战争 日本 军事战略 山本五十六 

分 类 号：K313.5[历史地理—历史学]