城轨车辆制动闸瓦磨耗仿真分析与验证  

Simulation analysis and verification of brake shoe wear for urban rail vehicles

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作  者:薛文胜 朱文良[1] 余朝刚[1] 孙宁远 XUE Wensheng;ZHU Wenliang;YU Chaogang;SUN Ningyuan(School of Urban Railway Transit,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区:[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201600

出  处:《机车电传动》2025年第1期68-75,共8页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(52072266)。

摘  要:城轨车辆在运行中频繁地实施制动调速,容易导致车轮和闸瓦间产生连续高温摩擦,加剧闸瓦的磨耗。为研究制动温升条件下的闸瓦磨耗规律,文章建立了车轮-闸瓦摩擦副有限元模型和基于温度变化的闸瓦磨损预测仿真模型;并采用有限元ABAQUS软件,引入温度变化的Archard模型用于闸瓦磨损计算;分析了闸瓦在单次紧急制动工况、最大常用电空混合制动工况和连续制动工况下的闸瓦磨耗规律;最后通过闸瓦磨耗仿真结果与实车线路试验数据对比,验证了该仿真方法的合理性与正确性。结果表明:温度变化会引起闸瓦材料性能的变化。单次紧急制动工况下,考虑温度变化的闸瓦磨损量比不考虑温度变化的闸瓦磨损量提高了43.8%;单次最大常用电空混合制动工况时,拖车空气制动力优先补充方式下闸瓦磨损量最大,磨损量为14.6×10^(-3)mm;连续制动工况下闸瓦预测平均磨损速率为0.28 mm/10^(4)km,与列车实测0.27 mm/10^(4)km的磨损速率较为吻合。该闸瓦磨损预测模型可为研究城轨车辆闸瓦制动磨耗规律提供参考。Frequent braking applications for speed regulation of urban rail vehicles cause repeated friction at elevated temperatures between the wheels and brake shoes,which accelerates brake shoe wear.This paper presents a study of wear patterns for brake shoes subjected to braking-induced temperature rise.For this purpose,a finite element model of the wheel and brake shoe friction pair and a simulation model to predicate brake shoe wear based on temperature changes were established.Additionally,the finite element software ABAQUS was used to implement the Archard model for calculating brake shoe wear in relation to temperature changes.Subsequent analysis investigated the wear patterns of brake shoes under three specific conditions:single emergency braking,single maximum electropneumatic service braking,and continuous braking.Finally,the rationality and correctness of the proposed simulation method were verified by comparing the results of brake shoe wear simulations with data from vehicle testing conducted on the real-world track.The results indicate that temperature changes cause variations in the properties of brake shoe materials.Under the single emergency braking condition,the prediction model considering temperature changes resulted in an increase in brake shoe wear of 43.8%compared to the prediction model without taking these changes into account.Under the single maximum electro-pneumatic service braking condition,the highest brake shoe wear was identified on trailers air braking force with priority supplement,which was recorded at 14.6×10^(-3)mm.Under the continuous braking condition,the predicted average wear rate of brake shoes was 0.28 mm/10^(4)km,which closely aligned with the wear rate of 0.27 mm/10^(4)km measured on the test vehicle.The established prediction model for brake shoes offers a reference for further studying the wear patterns of brake shoes for urban rail vehicles.

关 键 词:城市轨道车辆 闸瓦 制动温升 磨损预测 仿真模型 有限元 

分 类 号:U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]

 

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