从《文臣七条》到《戒石铭》:宋代衙署御制官箴更替考  

From"Seven Articles for Officials"to"Jie Shi Ming":A Textual Research of the Replacement of Imperial Mottos for Officials in the Government Office of the Song Dynasty

作　　者：廖寅 Liao Yin

机构地区：[1]湖北大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《史学月刊》2025年第4期33-44,共12页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目“中国历史上地方治理的实践及启示”(22VLS005)。

摘　　要：北宋衙署流行的御制官箴是宋真宗的《文臣七条》。《文臣七条》的推广以官员朝辞时颁赐为主,以刊石、书壁、题屏等景观化手段为辅。所谓“太宗御制戒石铭”,完全是宋高宗为建构政治合法性一手炮制出来的。《戒石铭》炮制的所有环节,刚好都契合高宗的知识视野。宋高宗借“太祖誓约”宽慰了文武百官,又想借“太宗御制戒石铭”安抚百姓。随着高宗御制《戒石铭》的强力推广,宋真宗《文臣七条》逐渐受到冷遇,并最终走向没落。不过,《文臣七条》中的“公生明”元素在元代以后逐渐发扬光大,并在与戒石景观合体之后成功地占据象征尊者的戒石之阳面,这在某种程度上也算是返璞归“真”了。“戒石铭-公生明”景观长盛不衰,是因为它们道出了普适性的官场伦理,因而具有恒久的生命力。As imperial mottos for officials,Emperor Zhenzong's“Seven Articles for Officials”was very popular in the government office of the Northern Song Dynasty.The promotion of“Seven Articles for Officials”gave priority to the presentation of officials while leaving the court(Chaoci Banci,朝辞颁赐),supplemented by landscape methods,such as stone carvings,wall writings and screen inscriptions.The so-called“Emperor Taizong's Imperial Epigraph”was completely concocted by Emperor Gaozong to construct political legitimacy.All the links in the concoction of“Emperor Taizong's Imperial Epigraph”corresponded to Emepror Gaozong's vision of knowledge.Gaozong of Song consoled the officials with“Emepror Taizu's Oath”and comforted the people with“Emperor Taizong's Imperial Epigraph”.With the strong promotion of Gaozong's imperial epigraph,Emperor Zhenzong's“Seven Articles for Officials”gradually received a cold reception and eventually became unpopular.However,the element of“Justice Breeding Trust”in the“Seven Articles for Officials”was carried forward after the Yuan dynasty,and occupied the sunny side which symbolized the venerable after being combined with the landscape of“Imperial Epitaph”.This to a certain extent could be regarded as returning to its original nature.The landscape of“Imperial Epitaph”and“Justice Breeding Trust”had prospered for a long time because they embodied the universal officialdom ethics,and thereby they had lasting vitality.

关 键 词：宋真宗 宋高宗 《文臣七条》 《戒石铭》 “公生明” 

分 类 号：K245[历史地理—历史学]