欧内斯廷·罗斯与19世纪美国女权运动的发展  

Ernestine L.Rose and the Development of the American Women's Rights Movement in the 19th Century

作　　者：高宁馨 Gao Ningxin

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《史学月刊》2025年第4期80-94,共15页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“19世纪美国女性财产权的确立及其影响研究”(19BSS032)。

摘　　要：19世纪40年代末,美国兴起了第一波女权运动浪潮,波兰裔女性欧内斯廷·罗斯在其中发挥着重要的作用。罗斯虽然在欧洲长大,但深受美国革命的影响,推崇《独立宣言》中的自然权利话语。在英国,罗斯受到欧文主义关于女性财产权和性别平等关系思想的影响,前往美国后投身于争取女性权利的社会改革运动。内战前,罗斯致力于从法律途径推动纽约州已婚女性财产权的确立,为美国女性争取选举权突破财产资格的限制。罗斯的国际视野和以理性争取性别平等的原则也促进了美国女权运动的良性发展。内战后,美国女权运动因对女性选举权问题的不同理解而分裂。罗斯始终坚持女性选举权的重要性,敦促美国女权运动领导者重视女性选举权问题。深入考察罗斯在欧洲和美国的经历,有助于审视跨大西洋激进主义对19世纪美国女权运动的发展所产生的深远影响。In the late 1840s,the first wave of the women's rights movement emerged in the United States,and the Polish female Ernestine L.Rose played an important role in it.Although Rose grew up in Europe,she was greatly influenced by the American Revolution and embraced the natural rights discourse in the Declaration of Independence.In the United Kingdom,Owenism had a huge impact on her,which asserted that women's property rights were a prerequisite for gender equality.After moving to the United States,she became actively involved in social reform movements advocating for women's rights.Before the Civil War,Rose worked to establish married women's property rights in New York State and sought to challenge the property qualifications limiting women's suffrage.Her international perspective and rational approach to advocating for gender equality also contributed to the positive development of the American Women's Rights Movement.After the Civil War,the movement fractured due to differing understandings of women's suffrage.Rose consistently emphasized the importance of women's voting rights and urged leaders of the American Women's Rights Movement to prioritize this issue.A deep examination of Rose's experiences in Europe and the United States helps to assess the profound impact of transatlantic radicalism on the development of the 19th-century American Women's Rights Movement.

关 键 词：激进主义 美国女权运动 欧内斯廷·L.罗斯 跨国史 

分 类 号：K712.42[历史地理—历史学]