高速铁路与区域生产要素配置效率——基于政策性诱导集聚的调节效应研究  

The impact of high-speed rail on regional factor allocation efficiency:A study based on the moderating effect of policy-induced agglomeration

作　　者：严娜 程名望[1] 林善浪[1] YAN Na;CHENG Mingwang;LIN Shanlang(Tongji University,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海200092

出　　处：《财贸研究》2025年第3期21-35,52,共16页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“区域协调发展视角下县域城乡融合发展的理论与政策研究”(23ZDA034)。

摘　　要：高铁发展促进了生产要素跨区域流动,开发区作为空间载体在要素配置中发挥了重要作用。基于2003—2019年中国284个城市的面板数据,考察高铁发展对区域生产要素配置效率的影响,并进一步探讨了政策性诱导集聚对上述二者间关系的调节作用。研究表明:(1)高铁发展显著提升了要素配置效率,但其影响在不同要素市场上存在差异。其中,高铁开通和站点增设对劳动力错配的改善作用更强,而新增线路对资本错配的优化作用更明显。(2)政策性诱导集聚强化了高铁发展的要素配置作用,且对高铁开通的调节作用最强,表明高铁从无到有的变革对要素流动影响更深远。(3)政策性诱导集聚的调节效应因要素市场不同而异,资本市场依赖政策效应和竞争效应,而劳动力市场则主要受集聚效应和竞争效应驱动。(4)在东部地区和具有国家级开发区的城市,政策性诱导集聚的调节作用较强,而在中西部地区较弱,省级开发区的竞争效应甚至会削弱高铁发展对资本配置效率的改善作用。The development of high-speed rail(HSR)has facilitated the cross-regional flow of production factors,with development zones serving as crucial spatial platforms for factor allocation.Using panel data from 284 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2019,this study examines the impact of HSR development on regional factor allocation efficiency and further explores the moderating role of policy-induced agglomeration.The study yields four key findings.(1)HSR significantly improves factor allocation efficiency,but its effects vary across factor markets-HSR openings and station additions are more effective in reducing labor misallocation,whereas new railway lines play a greater role in alleviating capital misallocation.(2)Policy-induced agglomeration strengthens the effect of HSR on improving factor allocation,with the strongest moderating effect observed in HSR openings,indicating that the systemic transformation brought by new HSR connections has a more profound impact on factor mobility.(3)The moderating effects of policy-induced agglomeration differ by factor type:capital markets are influenced mainly through policy and competition effects,while labor markets are driven by agglomeration and competition effects.(4)The moderating effects are more pronounced in eastern regions and cities with national-level development zones,but weaker in central and western regions,where competition effects in provincial-level development zones may even hinder the improvement of capital allocation efficiency driven by HSR.

关 键 词：高速铁路 要素配置 政策性诱导集聚 集聚效应 政策效应 竞争效应 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]