东天山哈密盆地北缘断裂晚第四纪构造变形特征  

Late Quaternary tectonic deformation characteristics of the Hami Basin North Fault,Eastern Tian Shan

作　　者：任光雪 李传友[1] 孙凯 周朝 罗全星 REN GuangXue;LI ChuanYou;SUN Kai;ZHOU Chao;LUO QuanXing(State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100029,China;China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300251,China;Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国铁路设计集团有限公司,天津300251 [3]北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2025年第4期1315-1328,共14页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(42072250);中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技研发课题(2023B03040007)资助。

摘　　要：哈密盆地北缘断裂是天山东部巴里坤山、喀尔里克山与哈密盆地的分界断裂.本文基于高精度卫星影像解译、无人机摄影测量、原地宇宙成因核素定年方法对该断裂的晚第四纪活动特征进行了研究.结果表明,哈密盆地北缘断裂全长约200 km,整体呈近EW向展布,晚第四纪表现为逆冲变形的运动特征,断裂错断了山前多级冲洪积扇,形成了断续展布的断层陡坎.基于地形剖面测量及地貌面年代获得断裂西山段的垂向滑动速率为0.08±0.01 mm·a^(-1),仲英台段的垂向滑动速率为0.13±0.01 mm·a^(-1).东天山构造变形受左旋走滑与逆冲变形共同控制,构成转换挤压的变形格架,左旋走滑变形被逆冲变形、斜冲变形和山体隆升所调节吸收.尽管哈密盆地北缘断裂表现为低滑动速率特征,但仍具有发生大震的潜在风险.The Cenozoic uplift of the Tian Shan is considered as a distant effect on the collision between the India and Asia plates.This range is structurally dominated by a series of approximately E-W thrust faults,NWtrending right-lateral strike-slip faults,and NE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults.GPS measurements indicate that the tectonic deformation can be characterized by N-S crustal shortening and there is an evident discrepancy in the deformation rate between East and West Tian Shan,so an exclusive study on the fault activity characteristics of the East Tian Shan is crucial for understanding the tectonic deformation mechanism of the East Tian Shan.This study focuses on the late Quaternary activity of the Hami Basin North Fault,which serves as the boundary fault between the Barkol Mountains,Karlik Mountains,and the Hami Basin.Barkol and Karlik Mountains are the easternmost range of Tian Shan and present a sigmoidal shape.This research is based on high-precision remote sensing interpretation,uncrewed aerial vehicle(UAV)photogrammetric survey,and cosmogenic nuclide dating methods.The results indicate that the Hami Basin North Fault extends approximately 200 km in an EW-NW direction and can be divided into 5 segments and it exhibits reverse faulting deformation during the late Quaternary.The fault disrupts multiple levels of alluvial fans in the foreland,resulting in a discontinuous distribution of fault scarps.Through comprehensive topographic profile measurements and surface dating analysis,the sliding rates of the western segment and the Zhongyingtai segment are determined to be 0.08±0.01 mm/year and 0.13±0.01 mm/year,respectively.The tectonic deformation in the eastern Tian Shan is governed by a combination of left-lateral strike-slip and thrust faulting,forming a transpressional deformation structure.The left-lateral strike-slip deformation is accommodated and modified by reverse faulting,oblique thrusting,and mountain uplift.Despite its relatively slow slip rate,the Hami Basin North Fault remains a poten

关 键 词：哈密盆地北缘断裂 滑动速率 东天山 构造变形 

分 类 号：P534[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]