基于W变换时频分析的超深层栅状储集体识别  

Delineation of ultra-deep grid-like reservoirs based on W transform

作　　者：李宗杰[1] 饶莹 赵振聪 龚伟[1] 李弘艳 周子康 LI ZongJie;RAO Ying;ZHAO ZhenCong;GONG Wei;LI HongYan;ZHOU ZiKang(Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Geophysics,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2025年第4期1533-1541,共9页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42055402,42404127);中石化科技攻关项目(p22147)资助。

摘　　要：顺北地区超深层碳酸盐岩储层发育,非均质性强,形成了致密基岩与储集体相互交错排列的栅状储集体结构.现有资料显示栅状储集体内部的“栅体”尺寸和“栅体”之间的间隔均较小.受限于地震数据的分辨率,基于地震数据以及传统的地震属性分析方法难以有效刻画栅状储集体结构,进而影响储层预测和钻井轨迹设计.本文运用W时频变换方法得到时频谱,该方法具有峰值对应主频、时频谱能量集中、高频和低频区域都具有高分辨率的特点.特别是W时频变换方法得到的时频谱能量沿主频两侧对称分布,且呈纺锤形,主频宽两头窄,主频处的时频剖面分辨率与地震数据一致,有效频宽范围内远离主频处的时频剖面分辨率则高于地震数据.因此,利用丰富的高分辨率的地震时频谱信息、多频段相结合的方式,可以更为有效地识别栅状储集体中“栅体”的特征,进一步提升识别栅状储集体的能力.Ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs are developed in the Shunbei area and are highly heterogeneous,forming a“grid-like”reservoir combination in which tight bedrock and reservoirs are staggered.Existing information indicates that the internal reservoir structure of this type of combination is complex.Not only are the individual reservoirs smaller in size,but the intervals between reservoirs are also smaller.Although the amplitude attribute of seismic data can indicate the location of the area where the reservoir is combined,due to the resolution of the seismic data,it is difficult to effectively characterize the internal structure of the reservoir based on seismic data and traditional seismic attribute analysis.The difficulty impacts the accuracy of reservoir prediction as well as drilling track design.This paper uses the W transform to carry out high-resolution timefrequency analysis and expand the one-dimensional time-domain seismic traces into the two-dimensional timefrequency domain.The peak energy of the time-frequency spectrum estimated with the W transform is consistent with the peak frequency of seismic traces.And the spectrums are symmetrically distributed to seismic peak frequency,with higher resolution at frequencies deviated from the peak frequency,form a spindle-like shape. What is more,the resolution at peak frequency is consistent with that of seismic trace. Therefore,we use rich,high-resolution seismic time-frequency spectral information to more accurately identify and characterize the ultra-deep “grid-like” reservoir combination in the Shunbei area.

关 键 词：顺北地区 碳酸盐岩储层 时频分析 W变换 栅状储集体 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]