选择与表彰:明清徽州妇女表彰研究  

Selection and Commendation:A Study on the Commendation of Huizhou Women during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：马路 马勇虎[2] MA Lu;MA Yonghu(School of Law,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China;Research Center for Huizhou Culture,Huangshan University,Huangshan 245041,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学法学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]黄山学院徽州文化研究中心,安徽黄山245041

出　　处：《黄山学院学报》2025年第1期11-17,共7页Journal of Huangshan University

基　　金：安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2021-050)。

摘　　要：明清时期对徽州妇女的表彰,主要来自中央政府、地方政府和徽州宗族三个层面。明清中央和地方政府虽然表彰形式不同,但均以贞孝节烈妇女为表彰对象,其中又以节妇为主要表彰类型。徽州宗族则以祠堂祭祀和族谱收录的方式,表彰为宗族繁衍发展作出贡献的主母、庶母。这种表彰类型的差异,体现了不同表彰主体的诉求。政府对妇女的表彰以推进社会教化、巩固扩大政治统治为目的,而徽州宗族对妇女的表彰则以维持宗族繁衍发展为主要目的。The commendation for women in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was mainly bestowed by the three levels from the central government,the local governments,and the Huizhou clans.The forms of commendation by the central and local governments of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were different,but the exemplifying of chastity,filial piety,moral integrity,and martyrdom(zhen,xiao,jie,lie)in women was what they have conferred,among which the chaste widows(Jiefu)are the main representative form.Zhumu(the mistress of the household)and Shumu(father’s concubine)were commended on their contributions to the clan reproduction and development in the ways of either offering sacrifices in the ancestral halls or being included in the clan genealogies by the Huizhou clans.The differences in the forms of commendations reflected the varied demands in different entities bestowing the honors.The commendation of women by the government aimed at promoting social education and consolidating and expanding the political dominance,while the commendation of women by the Huizhou clans was mainly for the purpose of maintaining the reproduction and development of the clan.

关 键 词：明清 徽州妇女 表彰类型 政府 徽州宗族 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]