钦定事迹:明太祖对开国史的撰述与控制  

“History”Imposed by Imperial Order:The Writing and Regulation of the Founding History of the Ming Dynasty by Emperor Taizu of Ming

作　　者：胡丹[1] Hu Dan

机构地区：[1]三峡大学文学与传媒学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《史学月刊》2025年第3期35-46,共12页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明代时事书写与政治信息传播研究”(21BZS063);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重点项目“明清‘甲乙鼎革之际’时事书写的整理与研究”(22D030)。

摘　　要：作为明朝的开国之君,明太祖朱元璋积极参与并主导了本朝开国史的书写与构建,这是历代开国史上极为独特的政治文化现象。一方面,明太祖对“开国记忆”实行严密控制,直接造成明初史学不兴、史料的匮乏单一;另一方面,他勤于笔述,亲自记述开国史事,留下大量的原始史料。明太祖的开国史撰述,所涉文体类型丰富,数量极多,多数还是一手的独家材料,奠定了明朝开国史书写的基本框架和主要内容。这些御制文字,既有较强的纪实性,更有着意图明确的“创作”,特别是明太祖在有关“明兴”的各类纪事中刻意植入神秘元素,成为神化明朝开国史的始作俑者,这在历代开国史的书写中也是极为特殊的。As the founding monarch of the Ming dynasty,Zhu Yuanzhang played a dominant part in the writing and shaping of the founding history of the dynasty.This is an extremely unique political and cultural phenomenon in the founding history of various dynasties.On the one hand,Emperor Taizu of Ming implemented strict control over the memory of the founding of the dynasty,which directly lead to the decline of historiography and the scarcity and singularity of historical materials in the early Ming dynasty.On the other hand,Emperor Taizu of Ming was diligent in writing and personally recorded the founding history of the dynasty,leaving behind a large number of historical materials.His writing of the founding history of Ming involves a wide variety of literary genres and a large number of materials,most of which are first-hand exclusive ones,laying the foundation for the basic framework and main content of the founding history of the Ming dynasty.These imperial texts not only have strong documentary quality,but also have a clear intention of“creation”,especially in that Emperor Taizu deliberately implanted mysterious elements in various records related to“the rise of the Ming dynasty”,making him the initiator of the deification of the founding history of the Ming dynasty.This is also an extremely special case in the writing of the founding history of various dynasties throughout history.

关 键 词：明太祖 明朝开国史 历史叙事 天命观 

分 类 号：K248.1[历史地理—历史学]