《民法典》合同效力规则的教义学构造及其与社会主义核心价值观的融贯  

The Dogmatic Structure of the Contract Validity Rules of China s Civil Code and Its Integration with Socialist Core Values

作　　者：钟瑞栋 ZHONG Ruidong(Law School,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学法学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《集美大学学报(哲社版)》2025年第2期29-37,共9页Journal of Jimei University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“《民法典》中的公法规范研究”(20BFX104)。

摘　　要：《民法典》合同效力规则的外在体系体现了合同编与总则编相互协调的规范安排,并实现了与以社会主义核心价值观为统领的内在体系的融贯。在教义学上,“效力”是指法律对已成立的法律行为的评价,评价的标准是法律行为的有效要件,评价的结果包括有效、无效、效力待定和可撤销,但最终归结为有效和无效。有效的合同对债权具有保障力,对债务具有拘束力。无效的合同包括因内容的违法性而导致的合同无效、因“主体不合格”订立的合同未被追认而无效以及因“意思表示不真实”订立的合同被撤销而无效3种。前者是当然无效、绝对无效,无补正之可能,需要承担私法和公法上的双重责任;后二者的效力可以由相关利害关系人补正,而且只承担私法上的责任。合同效力规则的外在体系是《民法典》外在体系构建的一个缩影,统领该外在体系构建的内在体系则是包括富强、和谐、自由、平等、公正、法治、诚信等在内的社会主义核心价值观。The external system of the contract validity rules of China s Civil Code reflects the normative arrangement of the coordination between the Book of Contracts and the Book of General Provisions,while achieving coherence with the internal system guided by Socialist Core Values.From a dogmatic perspective,“validity”refers to the legal evaluation of an established juristic act,with the criteria for evaluation being the requirements for validity.The outcomes of such evaluation include valid,invalid,of undetermined validity and revocable,ultimately boiling down to validity and invalidity.A valid contract ensures guarantee effect on claims and a binding effect on debts.Invalid contracts encompass three categories:(1)invalidity due to illegality of content;(2)invalidity arising from non-ratification of contracts concluded by“unqualified parties”;(3)invalidity triggered by rescission of contracts formed through“inauthentic expressions of intent”.The first category is ipso jure void and absolutely void,irremediable under law,and entails dual liability under private law and public law.The latter two categories permit ratification by relevant stakeholders and incur liability solely under private law.The external system of contract validity rules serves as a microcosm of the Code s external architecture.The internal system guiding this external structure is rooted in Socialist Core Values,encompassing Prosperity,Harmony,Liberty,Equality,Justice,Rule of Law and Integrity.

关 键 词：《民法典》 合同效力 社会主义核心价值观 内在体系 外在体系 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]