我国气候司法能动之发展动因及优化方向  

The Development Motivation and Optimization Direction of Climate Judicial Activism in China

作　　者：张丹 ZHANG Dan(Center for Jurisprudence Research/Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心/司法文明协同创新中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《集美大学学报(哲社版)》2025年第2期48-58,共11页Journal of Jimei University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“推进新时期中国特色社会主义法学学术体系构建研究”(22JJD820001)。

摘　　要：目前,我国尚未确立真正狭义的气候变化诉讼,气候司法的专门化建设也处于探索阶段,在传统诉讼架构中,以能动司法回应气候变化应对诉求,为气候司法的现代化建设提供了可行思路。新时代能动司法的时代性、政治性和综合性特征赋予了气候司法能动“服务性社会保障”的特殊意涵。在此基础上,面对气候司法在当事人适格、因果关系认定等方面存在制度真空和实践难题,气候司法内部何以能动、何处能动、如何能动等问题有待进一步探究。保障气候司法的公正合理可以由外向内逐步渗透,在能动司法与立法、行政的张力解读基础上,向内深究。从能动对象出发,就气候司法所涉要件的认定标准进行适度灵活的解释;从能动方法出发,利用法律发现和法律解释等司法裁判方法,将气候变化政策进行法律化处理;继而,细化能动程序,在“识别气候变化影响类型-落位气候司法能动对象-助力气候司法裁判”的程序性结构中,实现气候司法能动之优化。Currently China has not established a real climate change litigation in a narrow sense,and the specialized construction of climate justice is also in the exploratory stage.Under the traditional litigation framework,active judiciary is used to respond to climate change appeals,providing a feasible idea for the modernization of climate justice.Nowadays the epoch-making,political and comprehensive characteristics of active judiciary in the new era give climate judicial activism a special meaning of“service-oriented social security”.On this basis,in the face of the institutional vacuum and practical problems in the aspects of the suitability of the parties and the identification of causality,climate justice needs to be further explored under the drive of policy,such as why,where and how to be active.Therefore,ensuring the fairness and reasonability of climate justice can gradually penetrate from outer to the inner part.Based on interpreting the tension between active judiciary,legislation and administration,we can deeply investigate the inside,start from the active objects,and carry out a moderate and flexible interpretation on the identification criteria of the elements involved in climate justice.Beginning with the active approaches,we can legalize climate change policies by using judicial methods such as legal discovery and legal interpretation.Then,the active procedure is refined to optimize the climate judicial activism through the procedural structure of“identifying climate change impact types—locating climate judicial activism objects-assisting climate judicial adjudication”.

关 键 词：气候变化 能动司法 气候司法 适度能动 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D916.2[政治法律—法学]