国外某含砷难处理金矿硫砷浮选分离工艺试验研究  

Experimental Study on Sulfur and Arsenic Flotation Separation Process of a Foreign Refractory Arsenic-bearing Gold Ore

作　　者：李睿 杨松涛 李国尧 林海彬 孙忠梅 周利华 LI Rui;YANG Songtao;LI Guoyao;LIN Haibin;SUN Zhongmei;ZHOU Lihua(State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Refractory Gold Ores,Xiamen 361101,Fujian,China;Xiamen Zijin Technology of Mining and Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361101,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建厦门361101 [2]厦门紫金矿冶技术有限公司,福建厦门361101

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第3期35-41,共7页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：福建省科学技术厅对外合作项目(闵科资202125号,2021I1012)。

摘　　要：毒砂和黄铁矿结晶构造和表面性质相似,难以分离,毒砂不仅影响金精矿产品质量,而且会对金后续冶炼过程造成不良影响,毒砂和黄铁矿的分离一直是黄金选冶的一大难题。国外某金矿含Au 3.05 g/t、As 0.66%,该金矿的砷含量高,金主要浸染于黄铁矿和毒砂中,以不可见金为主,属于高砷难处理金矿。该矿石脉石成分复杂,主要以石英及硅酸盐矿物为主,含量75%左右,其中易泥化硅酸盐矿物为绢云母与绿泥石,含量12%左右。原工艺采用“一粗三扫三精”的混合浮选流程,金精矿存在砷含量高的问题。在原矿磨矿细度为-74μm占80%,采用焦亚硫酸钠和石灰为砷黄铁矿的抑制剂,以连续充气搅拌的方式稳定矿浆氧化氛围,控制氧化反应pH为9.5~10,氧化时间为30 min,闭路试验可优先产出的低砷金精矿金品位为72.59 g/t、金回收率29.24%、砷品位3.67%、砷回收率6.51%,浮硫尾矿采用硫酸铜为活化剂,异戊基黄药和丁铵黑药组合作为捕收剂,产出高砷金精矿金品位为52.52 g/t、金回收率58.75%、砷品位15.68%、砷回收率77.22%。该工艺较好地实现了黄铁矿与砷黄铁矿的有效分离,较原工艺选别指标,优先分选出部分合格可销售低砷金精矿,能有效减少后续砷处理成本,为含砷金矿处理提供了一种新思路。采用筛选出的焦亚硫酸钠和石灰作为砷抑制剂,连续充气氧化氛围下抑制效果优于传统氧化型砷抑制剂,可为类似金矿石砷硫分离处理提供借鉴。Arsenopyrite and pyrite have similar crystal structures and surface properties and are difficult to separate.Arsenopyrite not only affects the quality of gold concentrate products,but also has adverse effects on the subsequent gold smelting process.The separation of arsenopyrite and pyrite has always been a major problem in gold beneficiation.The foreign gold ore used in this research contains 3.05 g/t Au and 0.66%As.The gold ore has high arsenic content.The gold is mainly disseminated in pyrite and arsenopyrite,mainly invisible gold,which is a refractory gold ore with both sulfide and high arsenic content.The ore has a complex gangue composition,mainly quartz and silicate minerals,accounting for about 75%,of which the easily muddy silicate minerals are sericite and chlorite,accounting for about 12%.The original process to treat this ore adopts a bulk flotation process using“one rougher,three scavengers,and three cleaners”stages,which has the problem of high arsenic content in gold concentrate.In the new process,at P80 of 74μm for grinding size,sodium metabisulfite and lime are used as dual depressants for arsenopyrite,and the slurry oxidation atmosphere is stabilized by continuous aeration and stirring.The pH of the oxidation reaction is managed at 9.5-10,and the oxidation time is 30 min.The locked-cycle test can preferentially produce low-arsenic gold concentrate with a gold grade of 72.59 g/t,a gold recovery of 29.24%,an arsenic grade as low as 3.67%,and the arsenic recovery is 6.51%.The tailings are activated with copper sulfate and floated with isoamyl xanthate and butyl ammonium as collectors.The gold grade of high arsenic gold concentrate contains 52.52 g/t Au,and the gold recovery is 58.75%.Arsenic grade is 15.68%,and arsenic recovery is 77.22%.The effective separation of pyrite and arsenopyrite is achieved.Compared to original process separation parameters,qualified salable low arsenic gold concentrates are successfully recovered from the new process,which can significantly reduce the cost of subseq

关 键 词：含砷金矿 硫砷分离 浮选 焦亚硫酸钠 

分 类 号：TD953[矿业工程—选矿]